महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-5, chapter-183, verse-19

ततोऽहं भरतश्रेष्ठ वेगवन्तं महाबलम् ।
अमुञ्चं समरे बाणं रामाय हृदयच्छिदम् ॥१९॥

19. tato'haṁ bharataśreṣṭha vegavantaṁ mahābalam ,
amuñcaṁ samare bāṇaṁ rāmāya hṛdayacchidam.

19. tataḥ aham bharataśreṣṭha vegavantam mahābalam
amuñcam samare bāṇam rāmāya hṛdayacchidam

19. aham bharataśreṣṭha tataḥ samare vegavantam
mahābalam hṛdayacchidam bāṇam rāmāya amuñcam

19. Then, O best of the Bharatas, I released a swift, very mighty, heart-piercing arrow at Rama in battle.

Words meanings summery:

• ततः (tataḥ) - then (indicating sequence) (then, from that, thereafter)

• अहम् (aham) - I (the speaker, Kaikeyi recounting) (I)

• भरतश्रेष्ठ (bharataśreṣṭha) - O best of the Bharatas (addressing the listener) (O best of Bharatas, O excellent one among Bharatas)

• वेगवन्तम् (vegavantam) - swift, fast (describing the arrow) (swift, rapid, possessing speed)

• महाबलम् (mahābalam) - very mighty, possessing great force (describing the arrow) (very mighty, of great strength, very powerful)

• अमुञ्चम् (amuñcam) - I released (the arrow) (I released, I loosened, I threw)

• समरे (samare) - in battle (in battle, in war, on the battlefield)

• बाणम् (bāṇam) - an arrow (arrow)

• रामाय (rāmāya) - at Rama (the target of the arrow) (to Rama, for Rama)

• हृदयच्छिदम् (hṛdayacchidam) - heart-piercing (describing the arrow) (heart-piercing, heart-rending)

Words meanings and morphology

ततः (tataḥ) - then (indicating sequence) (then, from that, thereafter)

(indeclinable)

अहम् (aham) - I (the speaker, Kaikeyi recounting) (I)

(pronoun)

Nominative, singular of asmad

asmad - I, we

First person pronoun base

भरतश्रेष्ठ (bharataśreṣṭha) - O best of the Bharatas (addressing the listener) (O best of Bharatas, O excellent one among Bharatas)

(adjective)

Vocative, masculine, singular of bharataśreṣṭha

bharataśreṣṭha - best of Bharatas, excellent among Bharatas

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (bharata+śreṣṭha)

• bharata – Bharata (name of a king/dynasty), descendant of Bharata
  proper noun (masculine)
• śreṣṭha – best, excellent, principal
  adjective
  Superlative of 'praśasya' (good)

वेगवन्तम् (vegavantam) - swift, fast (describing the arrow) (swift, rapid, possessing speed)

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, singular of vegavant

vegavant - swift, rapid, impetuous

From 'vega' + possessive suffix '-vant'

Note: Qualifies 'bāṇam'.

महाबलम् (mahābalam) - very mighty, possessing great force (describing the arrow) (very mighty, of great strength, very powerful)

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, singular of mahābala

mahābala - of great strength, very powerful

Compound type : karmadhāraya (mahā+bala)

• mahā – great, large
  adjective (feminine)
• bala – strength, power, force
  noun (neuter)

Note: Qualifies 'bāṇam'.

अमुञ्चम् (amuñcam) - I released (the arrow) (I released, I loosened, I threw)

(verb)

1st person , singular, active, imperfect past (laṅ) of muñc

Imperfect tense, active voice, first person singular

Root √muc, 6th class, Parasmaipada, imperfect (laṅ), 1st person singular. Augmented with 'a-'.

Root: muc (class 6)

समरे (samare) - in battle (in battle, in war, on the battlefield)

(noun)

Locative, masculine, singular of samara

samara - battle, war, conflict

बाणम् (bāṇam) - an arrow (arrow)

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of bāṇa

bāṇa - arrow

Note: Object of 'amuñcam'.

रामाय (rāmāya) - at Rama (the target of the arrow) (to Rama, for Rama)

(proper noun)

Dative, masculine, singular of rāma

rāma - Rama (name of a legendary prince, hero of the Ramayana)

Note: Dative of purpose/target.

हृदयच्छिदम् (hṛdayacchidam) - heart-piercing (describing the arrow) (heart-piercing, heart-rending)

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, singular of hṛdayacchid

hṛdayacchid - heart-piercing, heart-cleaving

Derived from 'hṛdaya' (heart) and 'chid' (from √chid 'to cut/pierce').

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (hṛdaya+chid)

• hṛdaya – heart, mind
  noun (neuter)
• chid – cutting, piercing, breaking
  adjective
  agent noun/adjective from root
  Derived from root √chid (to cut, pierce)
  Root: chid (class 7)

Note: Qualifies 'bāṇam'.