महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-5, chapter-152, verse-30

दिवसे दिवसे तेषां प्रतिवेलं च भारत ।
चक्रे स विविधाः संज्ञाः प्रत्यक्षं च पुनः पुनः ॥३०॥

30. divase divase teṣāṁ prativelaṁ ca bhārata ,
cakre sa vividhāḥ saṁjñāḥ pratyakṣaṁ ca punaḥ punaḥ.

30. divase divase teṣām prativelam ca bhārata cakre
sa vividhāḥ saṃjñāḥ pratyakṣam ca punaḥ punaḥ

30. bhārata,
sa divase divase ca prativelam punaḥ punaḥ ca pratyakṣam teṣām vividhāḥ saṃjñāḥ cakre.

30. O Bhārata, day after day, and at every turn, he repeatedly and directly gave them various signals.

Words meanings summery:

• दिवसे (divase) - in the day, on the day

• दिवसे (divase) - in the day, on the day

• तेषाम् (teṣām) - for the soldiers (of them, for them)

• प्रतिवेलम् (prativelam) - at every turn, at every moment, repeatedly

• च (ca) - and

• भारत (bhārata) - O Dhṛtarāṣṭra (O Bhārata (descendant of Bharata))

• चक्रे (cakre) - Duryodhana made or gave (he made, he did)

• स (sa) - he (Duryodhana) (he)

• विविधाः (vividhāḥ) - various, diverse

• संज्ञाः (saṁjñāḥ) - military signals or commands (signals, signs, commands)

• प्रत्यक्षम् (pratyakṣam) - directly, visibly, in person

• च (ca) - and

• पुनः (punaḥ) - again, repeatedly

• पुनः (punaḥ) - again, repeatedly

Words meanings and morphology

दिवसे (divase) - in the day, on the day

(noun)

Locative, masculine, singular of divasa

divasa - day, daylight, daytime

Note: Occurs twice, implying 'day by day' or 'every day'.

दिवसे (divase) - in the day, on the day

(noun)

Locative, masculine, singular of divasa

divasa - day, daylight, daytime

Note: Repetition forms the idiom 'day by day' or 'every day'.

तेषाम् (teṣām) - for the soldiers (of them, for them)

(pronoun)

Genitive, plural of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

Note: Refers to the soldiers.

प्रतिवेलम् (prativelam) - at every turn, at every moment, repeatedly

(indeclinable)

Compound type : avyayībhāva (prati+vela)

• prati – towards, against, for, every
  indeclinable
• vela – time, boundary, shore, watch (of the day)
  noun (feminine)

च (ca) - and

(indeclinable)

भारत (bhārata) - O Dhṛtarāṣṭra (O Bhārata (descendant of Bharata))

(proper noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of bhārata

bhārata - descendant of Bharata; India; an Indian

Vṛddhi derivative from Bharata

चक्रे (cakre) - Duryodhana made or gave (he made, he did)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, middle, perfect (lit) of kṛ

Perfect 3rd singular ātmanepada

From root kṛ, perfect tense, 3rd person singular, ātmanepada. Reduplication ca-kṛ.

Root: kṛ (class 8)

Note: The implied subject is Duryodhana from the context of previous verses.

स (sa) - he (Duryodhana) (he)

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

Note: Refers to Duryodhana.

विविधाः (vividhāḥ) - various, diverse

(adjective)

Nominative, feminine, plural of vividha

vividha - various, diverse, manifold

Note: Agrees with 'saṃjñāḥ'.

संज्ञाः (saṁjñāḥ) - military signals or commands (signals, signs, commands)

(noun)

Accusative, feminine, plural of saṃjñā

saṁjñā - signal, sign, command, understanding, consciousness

Prefix: sam

Root: jñā (class 9)

प्रत्यक्षम् (pratyakṣam) - directly, visibly, in person

(indeclinable)

Compound type : avyayībhāva (prati+akṣi)

• prati – towards, against, for, every
  indeclinable
• akṣi – eye
  noun (neuter)

Note: Often functions adverbially.

च (ca) - and

(indeclinable)

पुनः (punaḥ) - again, repeatedly

(indeclinable)

Note: Used with 'punaḥ' immediately after to signify 'again and again'.

पुनः (punaḥ) - again, repeatedly

(indeclinable)

Note: Repetition signifies 'again and again' or 'repeatedly'.