महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-4, chapter-66, verse-20

यदस्माभिरजानद्भिः किंचिदुक्तो नराधिपः ।
क्षन्तुमर्हति तत्सर्वं धर्मात्मा ह्येष पाण्डवः ॥२०॥

20. yadasmābhirajānadbhiḥ kiṁcidukto narādhipaḥ ,
kṣantumarhati tatsarvaṁ dharmātmā hyeṣa pāṇḍavaḥ.

20. yat asmābhiḥ ajānadbhiḥ kiṃcit uktaḥ narādhipaḥ
kṣantum arhati tat sarvam dharmātmā hi eṣa pāṇḍavaḥ

20. Whatever was said by us unknowingly to the king, he should forgive all of it, for this Pandava is indeed a person of righteous (dharma) character.

Words meanings summery:

• यत् (yat) - Whatever (was said) (whatever, which)

• अस्माभिः (asmābhiḥ) - by us (the Pandavas) (by us)

• अजानद्भिः (ajānadbhiḥ) - by us unknowingly (by those not knowing, by unknowingly)

• किंचित् (kiṁcit) - something (offensive or inappropriate) (something, anything)

• उक्तः (uktaḥ) - having been spoken to, addressed (spoken, addressed)

• नराधिपः (narādhipaḥ) - King Virata (king, lord of men)

• क्षन्तुम् (kṣantum) - to forgive

• अर्हति (arhati) - he should (forgive) (he ought, he deserves, he is able)

• तत् (tat) - that (offense) (that)

• सर्वम् (sarvam) - all of it (all, whole)

• धर्मात्मा (dharmātmā) - having a righteous (dharma) character (righteous, having a righteous soul/nature)

• हि (hi) - for (indeed, for, because)

• एष (eṣa) - this (Yudhishthira, or any of the Pandavas) (this (masculine))

• पाण्डवः (pāṇḍavaḥ) - a Pandava (referring to Yudhishthira or the Pandavas collectively) (son of Pāṇḍu, a Pāṇḍava)

Words meanings and morphology

यत् (yat) - Whatever (was said) (whatever, which)

(pronoun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of yad

yad - which, what, whatever

Note: Used as an adverbial accusative or to introduce a clause.

अस्माभिः (asmābhiḥ) - by us (the Pandavas) (by us)

(pronoun)

Instrumental, plural of asmad

asmad - I, we

अजानद्भिः (ajānadbhiḥ) - by us unknowingly (by those not knowing, by unknowingly)

(participle)

Instrumental, masculine, plural of ajānat

ajānat - not knowing, ignorant

Present Active Participle

Derived from root jñā (to know) with negative prefix a-.

Prefix: a

Root: jñā (class 9)

Note: Agrees with asmābhiḥ.

किंचित् (kiṁcit) - something (offensive or inappropriate) (something, anything)

(pronoun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of kiṃcit

kiṁcit - something, anything

Note: Functions as an adverbial accusative.

उक्तः (uktaḥ) - having been spoken to, addressed (spoken, addressed)

(participle)

Nominative, masculine, singular of ukta

ukta - spoken, said, addressed

Past Passive Participle

Derived from root vac (to speak).

Root: vac (class 2)

Note: Agrees with narādhipaḥ.

नराधिपः (narādhipaḥ) - King Virata (king, lord of men)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of narādhipa

narādhipa - king, lord of men

Compound type : Tatpuruṣa (nara+adhipa)

• nara – man, human
  noun (masculine)
• adhipa – lord, ruler
  noun (masculine)

Note: Subject of arhati.

क्षन्तुम् (kṣantum) - to forgive

(verb)

active, infinitive (tumun) of kṣam

Infinitive

Derived from root kṣam.

Root: kṣam (class 1)

Note: Used with arhati.

अर्हति (arhati) - he should (forgive) (he ought, he deserves, he is able)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, present (laṭ) of arh

Present Active Indicative

Root: arh (class 1)

Note: The subject is narādhipaḥ.

तत् (tat) - that (offense) (that)

(pronoun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

Note: Direct object of kṣantum.

सर्वम् (sarvam) - all of it (all, whole)

(adjective)

Accusative, neuter, singular of sarva

sarva - all, every, whole

Note: Agrees with tat.

धर्मात्मा (dharmātmā) - having a righteous (dharma) character (righteous, having a righteous soul/nature)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of dharmātman

dharmātman - having a righteous (dharma) soul/nature, virtuous

Compound type : Bahuvrīhi (dharma+ātman)

• dharma – righteousness, duty, law, intrinsic nature
  noun (masculine)
• ātman – self, soul, spirit, essence
  noun (masculine)

Note: Attribute of eṣa pāṇḍavaḥ.

हि (hi) - for (indeed, for, because)

(indeclinable)

एष (eṣa) - this (Yudhishthira, or any of the Pandavas) (this (masculine))

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of etad

etad - this

Note: Refers to pāṇḍavaḥ.

पाण्डवः (pāṇḍavaḥ) - a Pandava (referring to Yudhishthira or the Pandavas collectively) (son of Pāṇḍu, a Pāṇḍava)

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of pāṇḍava

pāṇḍava - descendant of Pāṇḍu

Note: Subject of the implied verb 'to be'.