महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-4, chapter-66, verse-18

विराट उवाच ।
अहं खल्वपि संग्रामे शत्रूणां वशमागतः ।
मोक्षितो भीमसेनेन गावश्च विजितास्तथा ॥१८॥

18. virāṭa uvāca ,
ahaṁ khalvapi saṁgrāme śatrūṇāṁ vaśamāgataḥ ,
mokṣito bhīmasenena gāvaśca vijitāstathā.

18. virāṭa uvāca aham khalu api saṃgrāme śatrūṇām vaśam
āgataḥ mokṣitaḥ bhīmasenena gāvaḥ ca vijitāḥ tathā

18. King Virāṭa said: 'Indeed, I myself had fallen under the sway of enemies in battle. I was freed by Bhīmasena, and thus the cows were also recovered.'

Words meanings summery:

• विराट (virāṭa) - King Virāṭa. (Virāṭa (proper noun))

• उवाच (uvāca) - said

• अहम् (aham) - I

• खलु (khalu) - indeed, certainly, surely

• अपि (api) - also, even, too

• संग्रामे (saṁgrāme) - in battle, in war

• शत्रूणाम् (śatrūṇām) - of enemies

• वशम् (vaśam) - control, power, sway

• आगतः (āgataḥ) - fallen under, subjected to (come, arrived, reached)

• मोक्षितः (mokṣitaḥ) - liberated, released, freed

• भीमसेनेन (bhīmasenena) - by Bhīmasena

• गावः (gāvaḥ) - cows

• च (ca) - and, also

• विजिताः (vijitāḥ) - conquered, won, recovered

• तथा (tathā) - thus, so, in that manner

Words meanings and morphology

विराट (virāṭa) - King Virāṭa. (Virāṭa (proper noun))

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of virāṭa

virāṭa - Virāṭa (name of a king); vast, splendid

Note: Subject of uvāca.

उवाच (uvāca) - said

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, perfect (lit) of vac

Perfect tense

From root √vac (to speak). Irregular perfect form.

Root: vac (class 2)

अहम् (aham) - I

(pronoun)

Nominative, singular of asmad

asmad - I, myself

1st person singular pronoun.

Note: Subject.

खलु (khalu) - indeed, certainly, surely

(indeclinable)

अपि (api) - also, even, too

(indeclinable)

संग्रामे (saṁgrāme) - in battle, in war

(noun)

Locative, masculine, singular of saṃgrāma

saṁgrāma - battle, war, combat

Prefix: sam

Root: grām

Note: Refers to the battle for the cows.

शत्रूणाम् (śatrūṇām) - of enemies

(noun)

Genitive, masculine, plural of śatru

śatru - enemy, foe, opponent

Note: Possessive of vaśam.

वशम् (vaśam) - control, power, sway

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of vaśa

vaśa - control, power, will, dominion

Root: vaś

Note: Governed by āgataḥ.

आगतः (āgataḥ) - fallen under, subjected to (come, arrived, reached)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of āgata

āgata - come, arrived, returned; attained

Past Passive Participle

From ā-√gam (to come).

Prefix: ā

Root: gam (class 1)

Note: Refers to aham.

मोक्षितः (mokṣitaḥ) - liberated, released, freed

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of mokṣita

mokṣita - liberated, released, freed

Past Passive Participle (causative)

Derived from causative of √muc (to release, free).

Root: muc (class 6)

Note: The agent is Bhīmasena.

भीमसेनेन (bhīmasenena) - by Bhīmasena

(proper noun)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of bhīmasena

bhīmasena - Bhīmasena (a Pāṇḍava prince)

Note: Agent of liberation.

गावः (gāvaḥ) - cows

(noun)

Nominative, feminine, plural of go

go - cow, ox, cattle, earth

Note: Subject of vijitāḥ.

च (ca) - and, also

(indeclinable)

विजिताः (vijitāḥ) - conquered, won, recovered

(adjective)

Nominative, feminine, plural of vijita

vijita - conquered, overcome, won, recovered

Past Passive Participle

From vi-√ji (to conquer, win).

Prefix: vi

Root: ji (class 1)

Note: Predicate.

तथा (tathā) - thus, so, in that manner

(indeclinable)

Note: Connects the two events.