महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-4, chapter-66, verse-11

वैशंपायन उवाच ।
यदार्जुनेन ते वीराः कथिताः पञ्च पाण्डवाः ।
तदार्जुनस्य वैराटिः कथयामास विक्रमम् ॥११॥

11. vaiśaṁpāyana uvāca ,
yadārjunena te vīrāḥ kathitāḥ pañca pāṇḍavāḥ ,
tadārjunasya vairāṭiḥ kathayāmāsa vikramam.

11. vaiśaṃpāyanaḥ uvāca yadā arjunena te vīrāḥ kathitāḥ pañca
pāṇḍavāḥ tadā arjunasya vairāṭiḥ kathayāmāsa vikramam

11. Vaiśaṃpāyana said: When Arjuna had identified those five heroic Pāṇḍavas, then Uttarā, the son of Virāṭa, recounted Arjuna's valor.

Words meanings summery:

• वैशंपायनः (vaiśaṁpāyanaḥ) - The narrator of the Mahabharata to Janamejaya. (Vaiśaṃpāyana)

• उवाच (uvāca) - said, spoke

• यदा (yadā) - when

• अर्जुनेन (arjunena) - by Arjuna

• ते (te) - those

• वीराः (vīrāḥ) - heroes, brave men

• कथिताः (kathitāḥ) - were told, recounted, described

• पञ्च (pañca) - five

• पाण्डवाः (pāṇḍavāḥ) - Pandavas

• तदा (tadā) - then, at that time

• अर्जुनस्य (arjunasya) - of Arjuna

• वैराटिः (vairāṭiḥ) - Uttarā, King Virāṭa's son (son of Virāṭa)

• कथयामास (kathayāmāsa) - told, narrated, related

• विक्रमम् (vikramam) - valor, prowess, courage, mighty step

Words meanings and morphology

वैशंपायनः (vaiśaṁpāyanaḥ) - The narrator of the Mahabharata to Janamejaya. (Vaiśaṃpāyana)

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of vaiśaṃpāyana

vaiśaṁpāyana - Vaiśaṃpāyana (name of a sage, disciple of Vyāsa and narrator of the Mahabharata)

उवाच (uvāca) - said, spoke

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, past perfect (lit) of vac

Perfect tense

Root VAC, perfect 3rd person singular active.

Root: vac (class 2)

यदा (yadā) - when

(indeclinable)

Note: Correlates with tadā.

अर्जुनेन (arjunena) - by Arjuna

(proper noun)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of arjuna

arjuna - Arjuna (name of a Pandava prince), white, silver

Note: Agent of the passive verb kathitāḥ.

ते (te) - those

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of tad

tad - that, those

Note: Agrees with vīrāḥ and pāṇḍavāḥ.

वीराः (vīrāḥ) - heroes, brave men

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of vīra

vīra - hero, brave man, warrior

कथिताः (kathitāḥ) - were told, recounted, described

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of kathita

kathita - told, spoken, described

Past Passive Participle

Derived from root KATH (to tell)

Root: kath (class 10)

Note: Agrees with vīrāḥ and pāṇḍavāḥ.

पञ्च (pañca) - five

(numeral)

पाण्डवाः (pāṇḍavāḥ) - Pandavas

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of pāṇḍava

pāṇḍava - descendant of Pāṇḍu, Pandava

Patronymic from Pāṇḍu

तदा (tadā) - then, at that time

(indeclinable)

Note: Correlates with yadā.

अर्जुनस्य (arjunasya) - of Arjuna

(proper noun)

Genitive, masculine, singular of arjuna

arjuna - Arjuna (name of a Pandava prince), white, silver

Note: Modifies vikramam.

वैराटिः (vairāṭiḥ) - Uttarā, King Virāṭa's son (son of Virāṭa)

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of vairāṭi

vairāṭi - son of Virāṭa

Patronymic from Virāṭa

Note: Subject of kathayāmāsa.

कथयामास (kathayāmāsa) - told, narrated, related

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, past perfect (lit) of kath

Perfect tense, causative

Causative stem of KATH with perfect 3rd person singular active ending.

Root: kath (class 10)

विक्रमम् (vikramam) - valor, prowess, courage, mighty step

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of vikrama

vikrama - valor, prowess, courage, mighty step, overcoming

Prefix vi + root KRAM (to step, go)

Prefix: vi

Root: kram (class 1)

Note: Object of kathayāmāsa.