महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-4, chapter-61, verse-7

ते सर्वतः संपरिवार्य पार्थमस्त्राणि दिव्यानि समाददानाः ।
ववर्षुरभ्येत्य शरैः समन्तान्मेघा यथा भूधरमम्बुवेगैः ॥७॥

7. te sarvataḥ saṁparivārya pārtha;mastrāṇi divyāni samādadānāḥ ,
vavarṣurabhyetya śaraiḥ samantā;nmeghā yathā bhūdharamambuvegaiḥ.

7. te sarvataḥ saṁparivārya pārtham
astrāṇi divyāni samādadānāḥ
vavarṣuḥ abhyetya śaraiḥ samantāt
meghāḥ yathā bhūdharam ambuvegaiḥ

7. They (the warriors), having surrounded Arjuna (Pārtha) from all directions, and wielding divine weapons, then approached him and showered him with arrows from all sides, just as clouds drench a mountain with downpours of water.

Words meanings summery:

• ते (te) - they (referring to Drona, Kripa, etc. from the previous verse) (they)

• सर्वतः (sarvataḥ) - from every direction around Arjuna (from all sides, on all sides, completely)

• संपरिवार्य (saṁparivārya) - having surrounded, having encircled

• पार्थम् (pārtham) - Arjuna (Arjuna, son of Pṛthā)

• अस्त्राणि (astrāṇi) - weapons, missiles

• दिव्यानि (divyāni) - divine (weapons) (divine, celestial, wonderful)

• समाददानाः (samādadānāḥ) - wielding (divine weapons) (wielding, taking up, acquiring)

• ववर्षुः (vavarṣuḥ) - they showered, they rained

• अभ्येत्य (abhyetya) - having approached, having come near

• शरैः (śaraiḥ) - with arrows

• समन्तात् (samantāt) - from all directions (from all sides, all around, completely)

• मेघाः (meghāḥ) - clouds

• यथा (yathā) - just as (as, just as, in which way)

• भूधरम् (bhūdharam) - mountain, supporting the earth

• अम्बुवेगैः (ambuvegaiḥ) - like clouds drenching a mountain with powerful flows of water (with torrents of water, with floods of water)

Words meanings and morphology

ते (te) - they (referring to Drona, Kripa, etc. from the previous verse) (they)

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

सर्वतः (sarvataḥ) - from every direction around Arjuna (from all sides, on all sides, completely)

(indeclinable)

From 'sarva' (all) with suffix '-tas'

संपरिवार्य (saṁparivārya) - having surrounded, having encircled

(indeclinable)

Absolutive (gerund)

Derived from root 'vṛ' (to choose, cover) with prefixes 'sam' and 'pari'; suffix '-ya'

Prefixes: sam+pari

Root: vṛ (class 5)

पार्थम् (pārtham) - Arjuna (Arjuna, son of Pṛthā)

(proper noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of pārtha

pārtha - son of Pṛthā (Kuntī); a name for Arjuna, Yudhishthira, Bhima

Derived from Pṛthā with suffix '-a'

Note: Object of 'saṁparivārya'.

अस्त्राणि (astrāṇi) - weapons, missiles

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, plural of astra

astra - weapon, missile, projectile

Note: Object of 'samādadānāḥ'.

दिव्यानि (divyāni) - divine (weapons) (divine, celestial, wonderful)

(adjective)

Accusative, neuter, plural of divya

divya - divine, celestial, heavenly, wonderful, excellent

Note: Modifies 'astrāṇi'.

समाददानाः (samādadānāḥ) - wielding (divine weapons) (wielding, taking up, acquiring)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of samādadāna

samādadāna - taking up, wielding, bestowing, granting

Present Middle Participle

Derived from root 'dā' (to give/take) with prefixes 'sam' and 'ā'; present middle participle

Prefixes: sam+ā

Root: dā (class 3)

ववर्षुः (vavarṣuḥ) - they showered, they rained

(verb)

3rd person , plural, active, perfect (lit) of vṛṣ

Perfect (lit)

From root 'vṛṣ' (1st class); 3rd person plural active perfect

Root: vṛṣ (class 1)

अभ्येत्य (abhyetya) - having approached, having come near

(indeclinable)

Absolutive (gerund)

Derived from root 'i/ay' (to go) with prefix 'abhi'; suffix '-ya'

Prefix: abhi

Root: i/ay (class 2)

शरैः (śaraiḥ) - with arrows

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, plural of śara

śara - arrow, reed

Note: Means of action for 'vavarṣuḥ'.

समन्तात् (samantāt) - from all directions (from all sides, all around, completely)

(indeclinable)

Derived from 'samanta' (all around) with suffix '-tāt'

मेघाः (meghāḥ) - clouds

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of megha

megha - cloud

Note: Subject of the simile's action (implied 'drench' or 'shower').

यथा (yathā) - just as (as, just as, in which way)

(indeclinable)

Note: Introduces a simile.

भूधरम् (bhūdharam) - mountain, supporting the earth

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of bhūdhara

bhūdhara - mountain (literally 'earth-bearer'); king

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (bhū+dhara)

• bhū – earth, ground, land
  noun (feminine)
• dhara – bearing, holding, supporting
  adjective (masculine)
  Derived from root 'dhṛ' (to hold, bear)
  Root: dhṛ (class 1)

Note: Object of the implied showering action in the simile.

अम्बुवेगैः (ambuvegaiḥ) - like clouds drenching a mountain with powerful flows of water (with torrents of water, with floods of water)

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, plural of ambuvega

ambuvega - torrent of water, force of water, rush of water

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (ambu+vega)

• ambu – water
  noun (neuter)
• vega – speed, velocity, impulse, torrent
  noun (masculine)

Note: Means of action for the implied showering action by clouds.