महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-4, chapter-61, verse-20

अयं कथं स्विद्भवतां विमुक्तस्तं वै प्रबध्नीत यथा न मुच्येत् ।
तमब्रवीच्छांतनवः प्रहस्य क्व ते गता बुद्धिरभूत्क्व वीर्यम् ॥२०॥

20. ayaṁ kathaṁ svidbhavatāṁ vimukta;staṁ vai prabadhnīta yathā na mucyet ,
tamabravīcchāṁtanavaḥ prahasya; kva te gatā buddhirabhūtkva vīryam.

20. ayam katham svid bhavatām vimuktaḥ
tam vai prabadhnīta yathā na mucyet
tam abravīt śāntanavaḥ prahasya
kva te gatā buddhiḥ abhūt kva vīryam

20. “How did he escape from you all? Indeed, bind him so that he cannot escape!” Śāntanava (Bhīṣma), laughing, said to him, “Where has your intellect gone? Where is your valor?”

Words meanings summery:

• अयम् (ayam) - this one

• कथम् (katham) - how?

• स्विद् (svid) - indeed, perhaps

• भवताम् (bhavatām) - of you, of your honors

• विमुक्तः (vimuktaḥ) - released, freed, escaped

• तम् (tam) - him

• वै (vai) - indeed, surely

• प्रबध्नीत (prabadhnīta) - you all bind

• यथा (yathā) - so that, as, in order that

• न (na) - not

• मुच्येत् (mucyet) - he may be freed, he may escape

• तम् (tam) - to him

• अब्रवीत् (abravīt) - he said, he spoke

• शान्तनवः (śāntanavaḥ) - Bhīṣma (son of Śāntanu)

• प्रहस्य (prahasya) - having laughed, after laughing

• क्व (kva) - where?

• ते (te) - your

• गता (gatā) - gone, departed

• बुद्धिः (buddhiḥ) - intellect, understanding

• अभूत् (abhūt) - it was, it became

• क्व (kva) - where?

• वीर्यम् (vīryam) - valor, energy, strength

Words meanings and morphology

अयम् (ayam) - this one

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of idam

idam - this

कथम् (katham) - how?

(indeclinable)

स्विद् (svid) - indeed, perhaps

(indeclinable)

भवताम् (bhavatām) - of you, of your honors

(pronoun)

Genitive, plural of bhavat

bhavat - your honor, you

विमुक्तः (vimuktaḥ) - released, freed, escaped

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of vimukta

vimukta - released, freed, liberated

Past Passive Participle

From √muc (to free, release) with prefix vi-

Prefix: vi

Root: muc (class 6)

तम् (tam) - him

(pronoun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

वै (vai) - indeed, surely

(indeclinable)

प्रबध्नीत (prabadhnīta) - you all bind

(verb)

2nd person , plural, middle, imperative (loṭ) of prabandh

Imperative, 2nd plural, Middle voice

Prefix: pra

Root: bandh (class 9)

यथा (yathā) - so that, as, in order that

(indeclinable)

न (na) - not

(indeclinable)

मुच्येत् (mucyet) - he may be freed, he may escape

(verb)

3rd person , singular, passive, optative (vidhi liṅ) of muc

Optative, 3rd singular, Passive voice

Root: muc (class 6)

तम् (tam) - to him

(pronoun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

अब्रवीत् (abravīt) - he said, he spoke

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, past imperfect (laṅ) of brū

Imperfect, 3rd singular, Active voice

Root: brū (class 2)

शान्तनवः (śāntanavaḥ) - Bhīṣma (son of Śāntanu)

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of śāntanava

śāntanava - descendant of Śāntanu

A patronymic from Śāntanu

प्रहस्य (prahasya) - having laughed, after laughing

(indeclinable)

absolutive

Gerund/Absolutive from √has (to laugh) with prefix pra-

Prefix: pra

Root: has (class 1)

क्व (kva) - where?

(indeclinable)

ते (te) - your

(pronoun)

Genitive, singular of tvad

tvad - you (personal pronoun)

Note: Often used as an enclitic for 'your'

गता (gatā) - gone, departed

(adjective)

Nominative, feminine, singular of gata

gata - gone, arrived at, past

Past Passive Participle

From √gam (to go)

Root: gam (class 1)

बुद्धिः (buddhiḥ) - intellect, understanding

(noun)

Nominative, feminine, singular of buddhi

buddhi - intellect, understanding, perception

Root: budh (class 1)

अभूत् (abhūt) - it was, it became

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, aorist (luṅ) of bhū

Aorist, 3rd singular, Active voice

Root: bhū (class 1)

क्व (kva) - where?

(indeclinable)

वीर्यम् (vīryam) - valor, energy, strength

(noun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of vīrya

vīrya - valor, heroism, strength, energy