महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-4, chapter-5, verse-21

सैन्धवं येन राजानं परामृषत चानघ ।
ज्यापाशं धनुषस्तस्य भीमसेनोऽवतारयत् ॥२१॥

21. saindhavaṁ yena rājānaṁ parāmṛṣata cānagha ,
jyāpāśaṁ dhanuṣastasya bhīmaseno'vatārayat.

21. saindhavam yena rājānam parāmṛṣat ca anagha
jyāpāśam dhanuṣaḥ tasya bhīmasenaḥ avatārayat

21. O faultless one (anagha), by whom King Jayadratha was seized, Bhīmasena removed the bowstring from his (the king's) bow.

Words meanings summery:

• सैन्धवम् (saindhavam) - King of Sindhu, Jayadratha

• येन (yena) - by whom, by which

• राजानम् (rājānam) - king

• परामृषत् (parāmṛṣat) - seized, attacked, touched

• च (ca) - and

• अनघ (anagha) - O faultless one, O sinless one

• ज्यापाशम् (jyāpāśam) - bowstring

• धनुषः (dhanuṣaḥ) - from the bow, of the bow

• तस्य (tasya) - of him, his

• भीमसेनः (bhīmasenaḥ) - Bhīmasena (a Pāṇḍava prince)

• अवतारयत् (avatārayat) - caused to descend, took off, lowered

Words meanings and morphology

सैन्धवम् (saindhavam) - King of Sindhu, Jayadratha

(proper noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of saindhava

saindhava - belonging to or coming from Sindhu; an inhabitant or king of Sindhu

Derived from Sindhu

येन (yena) - by whom, by which

(pronoun)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of yat

yat - who, which, what

राजानम् (rājānam) - king

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of rājan

rājan - king, ruler

n-stem noun

Root: rāj (class 1)

Note: Qualifies 'saindhavam'.

परामृषत् (parāmṛṣat) - seized, attacked, touched

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, past imperfect (laṅ) of parāmṛṣ

Formed with parā + mṛṣ (to touch, seize)

Prefix: parā

Root: mṛṣ (class 6)

Note: Subject is implied Bhīmasena.

च (ca) - and

(indeclinable)

अनघ (anagha) - O faultless one, O sinless one

(adjective)

Vocative, masculine, singular of anagha

anagha - faultless, sinless, pure, blameless

Compound of 'a' (negation) + 'agha' (sin, fault)

Compound type : avyayībhāva (a+agha)

• a – negation, not, un-
  indeclinable
• agha – sin, fault, evil, distress
  noun (neuter)

ज्यापाशम् (jyāpāśam) - bowstring

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of jyāpāśa

jyāpāśa - bowstring, string-loop of a bow

Compound of 'jyā' (bowstring) + 'pāśa' (noose, loop)

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (jyā+pāśa)

• jyā – bowstring, earth
  noun (feminine)
• pāśa – noose, rope, loop, snare
  noun (masculine)
  Root: pāś (class 1)

Note: Object of 'avatārayat'.

धनुषः (dhanuṣaḥ) - from the bow, of the bow

(noun)

Ablative, neuter, singular of dhanus

dhanus - bow, weapon

s-stem neuter noun

Note: Indicates removal from the bow.

तस्य (tasya) - of him, his

(pronoun)

Genitive, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

भीमसेनः (bhīmasenaḥ) - Bhīmasena (a Pāṇḍava prince)

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of bhīmasena

bhīmasena - having a terrible army, Bhīmasena (name of a Pāṇḍava)

Compound type : karmadhāraya (bhīma+sena)

• bhīma – terrible, fearful
  adjective
  from root bhī (to fear)
  Root: bhī (class 3)
• sena – army, host
  noun (feminine)

Note: Subject of 'avatārayat'.

अवतारयत् (avatārayat) - caused to descend, took off, lowered

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, past imperfect (laṅ) of avatṛ

Causative

Formed with ava + tṛ (to cross, pass) + causative suffix -i. This then forms imperfect tense.

Prefix: ava

Root: tṛ (class 1)