महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-4, chapter-5, verse-21

सैन्धवं येन राजानं परामृषत चानघ ।
ज्यापाशं धनुषस्तस्य भीमसेनोऽवतारयत् ॥२१॥

21. saindhavaṁ yena rājānaṁ parāmṛṣata cānagha ,
jyāpāśaṁ dhanuṣastasya bhīmaseno'vatārayat.

21. saindhavam yena rājānam parāmṛṣat ca anagha
jyāpāśam dhanuṣaḥ tasya bhīmasenaḥ avatārayat

21. O faultless one (anagha), by whom King Jayadratha was seized, Bhīmasena removed the bowstring from his (the king's) bow.

21. בְּהִימַסֵנַה הסיר את המיתר מאותה קשת, שבאמצעותה נלכד מלך הסַינְדְהַוַה, הו נקי מחטא.

Words meanings summery:

• सैन्धवम् (saindhavam) - King of Sindhu, Jayadratha

• येन (yena) - by whom, by which

• राजानम् (rājānam) - king

• परामृषत् (parāmṛṣat) - seized, attacked, touched

• च (ca) - and

• अनघ (anagha) - O faultless one, O sinless one

• ज्यापाशम् (jyāpāśam) - bowstring

• धनुषः (dhanuṣaḥ) - from the bow, of the bow

• तस्य (tasya) - of him, his

• भीमसेनः (bhīmasenaḥ) - Bhīmasena (a Pāṇḍava prince)

• अवतारयत् (avatārayat) - caused to descend, took off, lowered

Words meanings and morphology

सैन्धवम् (saindhavam) - King of Sindhu, Jayadratha

(proper noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of saindhava

saindhava - belonging to or coming from Sindhu; an inhabitant or king of Sindhu

Derived from Sindhu

येन (yena) - by whom, by which

(pronoun)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of yat

yat - who, which, what

राजानम् (rājānam) - king

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of rājan

rājan - king, ruler

n-stem noun

Root: rāj (class 1)

Note: Qualifies 'saindhavam'.

परामृषत् (parāmṛṣat) - seized, attacked, touched

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, past imperfect (laṅ) of parāmṛṣ

Formed with parā + mṛṣ (to touch, seize)

Prefix: parā

Root: mṛṣ (class 6)

Note: Subject is implied Bhīmasena.

च (ca) - and

(indeclinable)

अनघ (anagha) - O faultless one, O sinless one

(adjective)

Vocative, masculine, singular of anagha

anagha - faultless, sinless, pure, blameless

Compound of 'a' (negation) + 'agha' (sin, fault)

Compound type : avyayībhāva (a+agha)

• a – negation, not, un-
  indeclinable
• agha – sin, fault, evil, distress
  noun (neuter)

ज्यापाशम् (jyāpāśam) - bowstring

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of jyāpāśa

jyāpāśa - bowstring, string-loop of a bow

Compound of 'jyā' (bowstring) + 'pāśa' (noose, loop)

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (jyā+pāśa)

• jyā – bowstring, earth
  noun (feminine)
• pāśa – noose, rope, loop, snare
  noun (masculine)
  Root: pāś (class 1)

Note: Object of 'avatārayat'.

धनुषः (dhanuṣaḥ) - from the bow, of the bow

(noun)

Ablative, neuter, singular of dhanus

dhanus - bow, weapon

s-stem neuter noun

Note: Indicates removal from the bow.

तस्य (tasya) - of him, his

(pronoun)

Genitive, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

भीमसेनः (bhīmasenaḥ) - Bhīmasena (a Pāṇḍava prince)

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of bhīmasena

bhīmasena - having a terrible army, Bhīmasena (name of a Pāṇḍava)

Compound type : karmadhāraya (bhīma+sena)

• bhīma – terrible, fearful
  adjective
  from root bhī (to fear)
  Root: bhī (class 3)
• sena – army, host
  noun (feminine)

Note: Subject of 'avatārayat'.

अवतारयत् (avatārayat) - caused to descend, took off, lowered

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, past imperfect (laṅ) of avatṛ

Causative

Formed with ava + tṛ (to cross, pass) + causative suffix -i. This then forms imperfect tense.

Prefix: ava

Root: tṛ (class 1)

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