महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-4, chapter-5, verse-18

येन वीरः कुरुक्षेत्रमभ्यरक्षत्परंतपः ।
अमुञ्चद्धनुषस्तस्य ज्यामक्षय्यां युधिष्ठिरः ॥१८॥

18. yena vīraḥ kurukṣetramabhyarakṣatparaṁtapaḥ ,
amuñcaddhanuṣastasya jyāmakṣayyāṁ yudhiṣṭhiraḥ.

18. yena vīraḥ kurukṣetram abhyarakṣat paraṃtapaḥ
amuñcat dhanuṣaḥ tasya jyām akṣayyām yudhiṣṭhiraḥ

18. Yudhiṣṭhira removed the inexhaustible bowstring from that bow, by which the hero and tormentor of enemies (Arjuna) had protected Kurukṣetra.

Words meanings summery:

• येन (yena) - by Arjuna (referring to the agent of protection with the bow) (by whom, by which)

• वीरः (vīraḥ) - Arjuna, the hero (hero, brave man)

• कुरुक्षेत्रम् (kurukṣetram) - the sacred battlefield of Kurukṣetra (Kurukṣetra)

• अभ्यरक्षत् (abhyarakṣat) - he protected, he defended

• परंतपः (paraṁtapaḥ) - Arjuna, as a subduer of foes (tormentor of enemies, subduer of foes)

• अमुञ्चत् (amuñcat) - Yudhiṣṭhira released (he released, he loosened)

• धनुषः (dhanuṣaḥ) - from the Gaṇḍīva bow (from the bow, of the bow)

• तस्य (tasya) - of that (bow, referring to Gaṇḍīva) (of that, of him/her/it)

• ज्याम् (jyām) - bowstring

• अक्षय्याम् (akṣayyām) - the unfailing bowstring (inexhaustible, imperishable, unfailing)

• युधिष्ठिरः (yudhiṣṭhiraḥ) - Yudhiṣṭhira

Words meanings and morphology

येन (yena) - by Arjuna (referring to the agent of protection with the bow) (by whom, by which)

(pronoun)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of yat

yat - who, which, what

वीरः (vīraḥ) - Arjuna, the hero (hero, brave man)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of vīra

vīra - hero, champion, brave man

कुरुक्षेत्रम् (kurukṣetram) - the sacred battlefield of Kurukṣetra (Kurukṣetra)

(proper noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of kurukṣetra

kurukṣetra - name of a celebrated plain, the battlefield of the Mahābhārata war

अभ्यरक्षत् (abhyarakṣat) - he protected, he defended

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, past imperfect (laṅ) of rakṣ

Imperfect tense form from root rakṣ with prefix abhi

Prefix: abhi

Root: rakṣ (class 1)

परंतपः (paraṁtapaḥ) - Arjuna, as a subduer of foes (tormentor of enemies, subduer of foes)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of paraṃtapa

paraṁtapa - tormentor of enemies, subduer of foes

Compound type : upapada tatpuruṣa (param+tapa)

• param – enemy, foe, hostile
  noun (masculine)
• tapa – burning, tormenting; one who torments
  noun (masculine)
  agent noun
  Derived from root tap (to heat, torment)
  Root: tap (class 1)

अमुञ्चत् (amuñcat) - Yudhiṣṭhira released (he released, he loosened)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, past imperfect (laṅ) of muc

Imperfect tense form from root muc

Root: muc (class 6)

धनुषः (dhanuṣaḥ) - from the Gaṇḍīva bow (from the bow, of the bow)

(noun)

neuter, singular of dhanus

dhanus - bow, arch

Note: Here functions as ablative 'from the bow'

तस्य (tasya) - of that (bow, referring to Gaṇḍīva) (of that, of him/her/it)

(pronoun)

Genitive, neuter, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

ज्याम् (jyām) - bowstring

(noun)

Accusative, feminine, singular of jyā

jyā - bowstring, mother earth

अक्षय्याम् (akṣayyām) - the unfailing bowstring (inexhaustible, imperishable, unfailing)

(adjective)

Accusative, feminine, singular of akṣayya

akṣayya - inexhaustible, imperishable, undecaying

Gerundive

Gerundive from root kṣi (to perish) with negative prefix a

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (a+kṣayya)

• a – not, non-
  indeclinable
  Negative prefix
• kṣayya – perishable, destructible
  adjective
  Gerundive
  Gerundive from root kṣi (to perish)
  Root: kṣi (class 1)

युधिष्ठिरः (yudhiṣṭhiraḥ) - Yudhiṣṭhira

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of yudhiṣṭhira

yudhiṣṭhira - steadfast in battle, name of the eldest Pāṇḍava