महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-4, chapter-5, verse-2

ततस्ते दक्षिणं तीरमन्वगच्छन्पदातयः ।
वसन्तो गिरिदुर्गेषु वनदुर्गेषु धन्विनः ॥२॥

2. tataste dakṣiṇaṁ tīramanvagacchanpadātayaḥ ,
vasanto giridurgeṣu vanadurgeṣu dhanvinaḥ.

2. tataḥ te dakṣiṇam tīram anvagacchan padātayaḥ
vasantaḥ giridurgeṣu vanadurgeṣu dhanvinaḥ

2. Then, proceeding on foot, they followed the southern bank, dwelling as archers in mountain fortresses and forest strongholds.

Words meanings summery:

• ततः (tataḥ) - then, thereupon, from that place

• ते (te) - they

• दक्षिणम् (dakṣiṇam) - southern, right

• तीरम् (tīram) - bank, shore

• अन्वगच्छन् (anvagacchan) - they followed, they went along

• पदातयः (padātayaḥ) - foot-soldiers, pedestrians, those on foot

• वसन्तः (vasantaḥ) - (while) dwelling (dwelling, living)

• गिरिदुर्गेषु (giridurgeṣu) - in mountain fortresses, in mountain strongholds

• वनदुर्गेषु (vanadurgeṣu) - in forest fortresses, in forest strongholds

• धन्विनः (dhanvinaḥ) - archers, armed with bows

Words meanings and morphology

ततः (tataḥ) - then, thereupon, from that place

(indeclinable)

ते (te) - they

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

Note: Refers to the heroes.

दक्षिणम् (dakṣiṇam) - southern, right

(adjective)

Accusative, neuter, singular of dakṣiṇa

dakṣiṇa - southern, right, skillful

Note: Qualifies 'tīram'.

तीरम् (tīram) - bank, shore

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of tīra

tīra - bank, shore, edge

Note: Object of 'anvagacchan'.

अन्वगच्छन् (anvagacchan) - they followed, they went along

(verb)

3rd person , plural, active, past imperfect (laṅ) of anugam

Imperfect Active

3rd person plural, from root √gam with prefix anu-

Prefix: anu

Root: gam (class 1)

पदातयः (padātayaḥ) - foot-soldiers, pedestrians, those on foot

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of padāti

padāti - foot-soldier, pedestrian

Note: Refers to the heroes.

वसन्तः (vasantaḥ) - (while) dwelling (dwelling, living)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of vasat

vasat - dwelling, living

Present Active Participle

from root √vas (to dwell)

Root: vas (class 1)

Note: Qualifies 'te' (they).

गिरिदुर्गेषु (giridurgeṣu) - in mountain fortresses, in mountain strongholds

(noun)

Locative, neuter, plural of giridurga

giridurga - mountain fortress, mountain stronghold

Compound formed by giri and durga

Compound type : Ṣaṣṭhī Tatpurusha (gireḥ durgaḥ) (giri+durga)

• giri – mountain, hill
  noun (masculine)
  Root: gṛ (class 6)
• durga – fortress, difficult to access place
  noun (neuter)
  Prefix: dur
  Root: gam (class 1)

Note: Location for dwelling.

वनदुर्गेषु (vanadurgeṣu) - in forest fortresses, in forest strongholds

(noun)

Locative, neuter, plural of vanadurga

vanadurga - forest fortress, forest stronghold

Compound formed by vana and durga

Compound type : Ṣaṣṭhī Tatpurusha (vanasya durgaḥ) (vana+durga)

• vana – forest, wood
  noun (neuter)
  Root: van (class 8)
• durga – fortress, difficult to access place
  noun (neuter)
  Prefix: dur
  Root: gam (class 1)

Note: Location for dwelling.

धन्विनः (dhanvinaḥ) - archers, armed with bows

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of dhanvin

dhanvin - archer, one possessing a bow

from dhanus (bow) + -in suffix

Note: Refers to the heroes.