महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-4, chapter-5, verse-3

विध्यन्तो मृगजातानि महेष्वासा महाबलाः ।
उत्तरेण दशार्णांस्ते पाञ्चालान्दक्षिणेन तु ॥३॥

3. vidhyanto mṛgajātāni maheṣvāsā mahābalāḥ ,
uttareṇa daśārṇāṁste pāñcālāndakṣiṇena tu.

3. vidhyantaḥ mṛgajātāni maheṣvāsāḥ mahābalāḥ
uttareṇa daśārṇān te pāñcālān dakṣiṇena tu

3. Those great archers, mighty and powerful, who were striking down herds of deer, proceeded north of the Daśārṇa region and south of Pāñcāla.

Words meanings summery:

• विध्यन्तः (vidhyantaḥ) - striking down (striking, piercing, hitting, smiting)

• मृगजातानि (mṛgajātāni) - herds of deer (herds of deer, collections of deer)

• महेष्वासाः (maheṣvāsāḥ) - great archers (great archers, those with great bows)

• महाबलाः (mahābalāḥ) - mighty and powerful (mighty, very strong, powerful)

• उत्तरेण (uttareṇa) - to the north of (to the north, northwards, by the northern route)

• दशार्णान् (daśārṇān) - the Daśārṇa region (the Daśārṇa country, people of Daśārṇa)

• ते (te) - those (referring to the Pandavas, implied subject) (they, those)

• पाञ्चालान् (pāñcālān) - the Pāñcāla region (the Pāñcāla country, the Pāñcālas (people))

• दक्षिणेन (dakṣiṇena) - to the south of (to the south, southwards, by the southern route)

• तु (tu) - and, moreover (but, indeed, on the other hand, moreover)

Words meanings and morphology

विध्यन्तः (vidhyantaḥ) - striking down (striking, piercing, hitting, smiting)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of vidhyat

vidhyat - striking, piercing, hitting

Present Active Participle

From verb root √vyadh (to pierce, strike) + śatṛ pratyaya.

Root: vyadh (class 4)

मृगजातानि (mṛgajātāni) - herds of deer (herds of deer, collections of deer)

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, plural of mṛgajāta

mṛgajāta - collection of deer, multitude of deer

Compound.

Compound type : tatpurusha (mṛga+jāta)

• mṛga – deer, wild animal
  noun (masculine)
• jāta – born, produced, arisen, collection, multitude
  noun (neuter)
  Past Passive Participle (when adjective)
  From √jan (to be born) + kta pratyaya. Here used as a noun meaning 'multitude/collection'.
  Root: jan (class 4)

Note: Object of `vidhyantaḥ`.

महेष्वासाः (maheṣvāsāḥ) - great archers (great archers, those with great bows)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of maheṣvāsa

maheṣvāsa - great archer, having a great bow

Compound.

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (mahā+iṣvāsa)

• mahā – great, mighty
  adjective
• iṣvāsa – archer, bowman, bow
  noun (masculine)
  From 'iṣu' (arrow) and 'āsa' (thrower/wielder or bow). Often means 'archer'.

Note: Subject.

महाबलाः (mahābalāḥ) - mighty and powerful (mighty, very strong, powerful)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of mahābala

mahābala - great strength, very strong, powerful

Compound.

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (mahā+bala)

• mahā – great, mighty
  adjective
• bala – strength, power, might
  noun (neuter)

Note: Adjective describing the subject.

उत्तरेण (uttareṇa) - to the north of (to the north, northwards, by the northern route)

(indeclinable)

Here used in the instrumental as an adverb of direction.

Note: Governs `daśārṇān` (accusative).

दशार्णान् (daśārṇān) - the Daśārṇa region (the Daśārṇa country, people of Daśārṇa)

(proper noun)

Accusative, masculine, plural of daśārṇa

daśārṇa - Name of a country and its people (literally 'ten streams').

Note: Object of implied motion (passed/went) in relation to `uttareṇa`.

ते (te) - those (referring to the Pandavas, implied subject) (they, those)

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of tad

tad - that, he, she, it, they

Third person demonstrative pronoun.

Note: Refers to the main subject, often the Pandavas in this context.

पाञ्चालान् (pāñcālān) - the Pāñcāla region (the Pāñcāla country, the Pāñcālas (people))

(proper noun)

Accusative, masculine, plural of pāñcāla

pāñcāla - Name of a country and its people.

Note: Object of implied motion in relation to `dakṣiṇena`.

दक्षिणेन (dakṣiṇena) - to the south of (to the south, southwards, by the southern route)

(indeclinable)

Here used in the instrumental as an adverb of direction.

Note: Governs `pāñcālān` (accusative).

तु (tu) - and, moreover (but, indeed, on the other hand, moreover)

(indeclinable)

Particle.

Note: Connects the two directional phrases.