महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-4, chapter-42, verse-23

अश्वानां हेषितं श्रुत्वा का प्रशंसा भवेत्परे ।
स्थाने वापि व्रजन्तो वा सदा हेषन्ति वाजिनः ॥२३॥

23. aśvānāṁ heṣitaṁ śrutvā kā praśaṁsā bhavetpare ,
sthāne vāpi vrajanto vā sadā heṣanti vājinaḥ.

23. aśvānām heṣitam śrutvā kā praśaṃsā bhavet pare
sthāne vā api vrajantaḥ vā sadā heṣanti vājinaḥ

23. Having heard the neighing of horses, what praise can there be for the enemy? For horses always neigh, whether they are standing or moving.

Words meanings summery:

• अश्वानाम् (aśvānām) - of horses

• हेषितम् (heṣitam) - neighing, whinnying

• श्रुत्वा (śrutvā) - having heard

• का (kā) - what?

• प्रशंसा (praśaṁsā) - praise, commendation

• भवेत् (bhavet) - may be, should be, would be

• परे (pare) - in the enemy, for the enemy, on the other side

• स्थाने (sthāne) - in a place, standing, at rest

• वा (vā) - or, either

• अपि (api) - even, also, too

• व्रजन्तः (vrajantaḥ) - moving, going

• वा (vā) - or, either

• सदा (sadā) - always, constantly

• हेषन्ति (heṣanti) - they neigh, they whinny

• वाजिनः (vājinaḥ) - horses

Words meanings and morphology

अश्वानाम् (aśvānām) - of horses

(noun)

Genitive, masculine, plural of aśva

aśva - horse

हेषितम् (heṣitam) - neighing, whinnying

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of heṣita

heṣita - neighing, whinnying

Past Passive Participle (used as noun)

from root heṣ (to neigh)

Root: heṣ (class 1)

Note: Past passive participle used substantively.

श्रुत्वा (śrutvā) - having heard

(indeclinable)

Absolutive (Gerund)

from root śru

Root: śru (class 5)

का (kā) - what?

(pronoun)

Nominative, feminine, singular of kim

kim - who, what, which

interrogative pronoun

प्रशंसा (praśaṁsā) - praise, commendation

(noun)

Nominative, feminine, singular of praśaṃsā

praśaṁsā - praise, commendation

from pra + śaṃs (to praise)

Prefix: pra

Root: śaṃs (class 1)

भवेत् (bhavet) - may be, should be, would be

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, optative (liṅ) of bhū

Optative Active

Parasmaipada

Root: bhū (class 1)

परे (pare) - in the enemy, for the enemy, on the other side

(adjective)

Locative, masculine, singular of para

para - other, enemy, superior

स्थाने (sthāne) - in a place, standing, at rest

(noun)

Locative, neuter, singular of sthāna

sthāna - place, position, standing

from root sthā (to stand)

Root: sthā (class 1)

वा (vā) - or, either

(indeclinable)

अपि (api) - even, also, too

(indeclinable)

Note: Enhances vā ("even if").

व्रजन्तः (vrajantaḥ) - moving, going

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of vrajant

vrajat - moving, going

Present Active Participle

from root vraj (to go)

Root: vraj (class 1)

Note: Participle, not a verb.

वा (vā) - or, either

(indeclinable)

सदा (sadā) - always, constantly

(indeclinable)

हेषन्ति (heṣanti) - they neigh, they whinny

(verb)

3rd person , plural, active, present indicative (laṭ) of heṣ

Present Active

Parasmaipada

Root: heṣ (class 1)

वाजिनः (vājinaḥ) - horses

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of vājin

vājin - horse, powerful, swift

from vāja (strength, speed)