महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-4, chapter-42, verse-19

शरैरभिप्रणुन्नानां भग्नानां गहने वने ।
को हि जीवेत्पदातीनां भवेदश्वेषु संशयः ।
आचार्यं पृष्ठतः कृत्वा तथा नीतिर्विधीयताम् ॥१९॥

19. śarairabhipraṇunnānāṁ bhagnānāṁ gahane vane ,
ko hi jīvetpadātīnāṁ bhavedaśveṣu saṁśayaḥ ,
ācāryaṁ pṛṣṭhataḥ kṛtvā tathā nītirvidhīyatām.

19. śaraiḥ abhipraṇunnānām bhagnānām
gahane vane kaḥ hi jīvet padātīnām
bhavet aśveṣu saṃśayaḥ ācāryam
pṛṣṭhataḥ kṛtvā tathā nītiḥ vidhīyatām

19. Who, among foot soldiers, would survive if they were thoroughly repelled by arrows and routed in a dense forest? Even for those on horseback, there would be doubt. Therefore, let a strategy (nīti) be arranged with the preceptor (ācārya) kept safe behind.

Words meanings summery:

• शरैः (śaraiḥ) - by arrows

• अभिप्रणुन्नानाम् (abhipraṇunnānām) - of those thoroughly repelled (of those thoroughly driven away, of those repelled)

• भग्नानाम् (bhagnānām) - of those routed (of those broken, of those routed, of those defeated)

• गहने (gahane) - in a dense (in a dense, in an impenetrable (place))

• वने (vane) - in a forest (in a forest, in a wood)

• कः (kaḥ) - who (who, which)

• हि (hi) - indeed (indeed, surely, for)

• जीवेत् (jīvet) - would survive (would live, should live)

• पदातीनाम् (padātīnām) - among foot soldiers (of foot-soldiers)

• भवेत् (bhavet) - there would be (would be, should be, might be)

• अश्वेषु (aśveṣu) - for those on horseback (among horses, on horseback)

• संशयः (saṁśayaḥ) - doubt (doubt, uncertainty, suspicion)

• आचार्यम् (ācāryam) - the preceptor (ācārya) (the teacher, the preceptor, the instructor)

• पृष्ठतः (pṛṣṭhataḥ) - behind (from behind, behind, at the back)

• कृत्वा (kṛtvā) - having kept (safe) (having done, having made, having placed)

• तथा (tathā) - therefore, thus (thus, so, in that manner)

• नीतिः (nītiḥ) - strategy (nīti) (policy, conduct, guidance, strategy)

• विधीयताम् (vidhīyatām) - let a strategy be arranged (let it be enjoined, let it be prescribed, let it be arranged)

Words meanings and morphology

शरैः (śaraiḥ) - by arrows

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, plural of śara

śara - arrow, reed, shaft

अभिप्रणुन्नानाम् (abhipraṇunnānām) - of those thoroughly repelled (of those thoroughly driven away, of those repelled)

(adjective)

Genitive, masculine, plural of abhipraṇunna

abhipraṇunna - driven away, repelled, pushed off

Past Passive Participle

Derived from root nud with prefixes abhi and pra

Prefixes: abhi+pra

Root: nud (class 6)

भग्नानाम् (bhagnānām) - of those routed (of those broken, of those routed, of those defeated)

(adjective)

Genitive, masculine, plural of bhagna

bhagna - broken, shattered, defeated, routed

Past Passive Participle

Derived from root bhañj (to break)

Root: bhañj (class 7)

गहने (gahane) - in a dense (in a dense, in an impenetrable (place))

(adjective)

Locative, neuter, singular of gahana

gahana - dense, impenetrable, deep, thick; a thicket, forest

वने (vane) - in a forest (in a forest, in a wood)

(noun)

Locative, neuter, singular of vana

vana - forest, wood, grove, thicket

कः (kaḥ) - who (who, which)

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of kim

kim - what, which, who, why

हि (hi) - indeed (indeed, surely, for)

(indeclinable)

जीवेत् (jīvet) - would survive (would live, should live)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, optative (vidhiliṅ) of jīv

Root: jīv (class 1)

पदातीनाम् (padātīnām) - among foot soldiers (of foot-soldiers)

(noun)

Genitive, masculine, plural of padātin

padātin - foot-soldier, infantryman

भवेत् (bhavet) - there would be (would be, should be, might be)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, optative (vidhiliṅ) of bhū

Root: bhū (class 1)

अश्वेषु (aśveṣu) - for those on horseback (among horses, on horseback)

(noun)

Locative, masculine, plural of aśva

aśva - horse, steed

संशयः (saṁśayaḥ) - doubt (doubt, uncertainty, suspicion)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of saṃśaya

saṁśaya - doubt, uncertainty, perplexity, suspicion

आचार्यम् (ācāryam) - the preceptor (ācārya) (the teacher, the preceptor, the instructor)

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of ācārya

ācārya - teacher, preceptor, spiritual guide

पृष्ठतः (pṛṣṭhataḥ) - behind (from behind, behind, at the back)

(indeclinable)

Derived from pṛṣṭha (back) with suffix -tas

कृत्वा (kṛtvā) - having kept (safe) (having done, having made, having placed)

(indeclinable)

Absolutive (Gerund)

Absolutive form from root kṛ

Root: kṛ (class 8)

तथा (tathā) - therefore, thus (thus, so, in that manner)

(indeclinable)

नीतिः (nītiḥ) - strategy (nīti) (policy, conduct, guidance, strategy)

(noun)

Nominative, feminine, singular of nīti

nīti - guidance, conduct, policy, prudence, strategy

विधीयताम् (vidhīyatām) - let a strategy be arranged (let it be enjoined, let it be prescribed, let it be arranged)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, passive, imperative (lot) of vidhā

Prefix: vi

Root: dhā (class 3)