महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-4, chapter-42, verse-10

तेषां भयाभिपन्नानां तदस्माभिः प्रतिश्रुतम् ।
प्रथमं तैर्ग्रहीतव्यं मत्स्यानां गोधनं महत् ॥१०॥

10. teṣāṁ bhayābhipannānāṁ tadasmābhiḥ pratiśrutam ,
prathamaṁ tairgrahītavyaṁ matsyānāṁ godhanaṁ mahat.

10. teṣām bhayābhipannānām tat asmābhiḥ pratiśrutam |
prathamam taiḥ grahītavyam matsyānām godhanam mahat

10. To those (Trigartas) who were struck with fear, this was promised by us: first, their great wealth of cattle (godhana) belonging to the Matsyas should be seized by them.

Words meanings summery:

• तेषाम् (teṣām) - to them (the Trigartas), referring to the previous verse (of them; to them)

• भयाभिपन्नानाम् (bhayābhipannānām) - of those (Trigartas) struck with fear (of those overcome by fear; of those struck with fear)

• तत् (tat) - this (agreement/promise) (that; this)

• अस्माभिः (asmābhiḥ) - by us

• प्रतिश्रुतम् (pratiśrutam) - was promised (by us) (promised, assented)

• प्रथमम् (prathamam) - first (first, at first)

• तैः (taiḥ) - by them (the Trigartas) (by them)

• ग्रहीतव्यम् (grahītavyam) - should be seized (ought to be seized; to be taken)

• मत्स्यानाम् (matsyānām) - belonging to the Matsyas (of the Matsyas)

• गोधनम् (godhanam) - wealth of cattle (cattle wealth; cows and riches)

• महत् (mahat) - great (great, large, important)

Words meanings and morphology

तेषाम् (teṣām) - to them (the Trigartas), referring to the previous verse (of them; to them)

(pronoun)

Genitive, masculine, plural of tad

tad - that, those

Note: Refers to the Trigartas.

भयाभिपन्नानाम् (bhayābhipannānām) - of those (Trigartas) struck with fear (of those overcome by fear; of those struck with fear)

(adjective)

Genitive, masculine, plural of bhayābhipanna

bhayābhipanna - overcome by fear, struck with fear

Compound type : tṛtīyā-tatpuruṣa (bhaya+abhipanna)

• bhaya – fear, dread
  noun (neuter)
  Root: bhī
• abhipanna – fallen into, overcome, affected by
  participle (masculine)
  Past Passive Participle
  From root `pad` (to go, fall) with prefix `abhi-`.
  Prefix: abhi
  Root: pad (class 4)

Note: Qualifies `teṣām` (the Trigartas).

तत् (tat) - this (agreement/promise) (that; this)

(pronoun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of tad

tad - that, this

Note: Subject of `pratiśrutam`.

अस्माभिः (asmābhiḥ) - by us

(pronoun)

Instrumental, plural of asmad

asmad - I, we

Note: Agent in passive construction (`pratiśrutam`).

प्रतिश्रुतम् (pratiśrutam) - was promised (by us) (promised, assented)

(participle)

Nominative, neuter, singular of pratiśruta

pratiśruta - promised, agreed, assented to

Past Passive Participle

From root `śru` (to hear) with prefix `prati-`.

Prefix: prati

Root: śru (class 5)

Note: Agrees with `tat`.

प्रथमम् (prathamam) - first (first, at first)

(indeclinable)

Note: Adverbial usage, modifying `grahītavyam`.

तैः (taiḥ) - by them (the Trigartas) (by them)

(pronoun)

Instrumental, masculine, plural of tad

tad - that, those

Note: Agent of the gerundive `grahītavyam`.

ग्रहीतव्यम् (grahītavyam) - should be seized (ought to be seized; to be taken)

(participle)

Nominative, neuter, singular of grahītavya

grahītavya - to be seized, to be taken, to be received

Gerundive

From root `grah` (to seize, take) with suffix `tavya`.

Root: grah (class 9)

Note: Predicate of `godhanam`.

मत्स्यानाम् (matsyānām) - belonging to the Matsyas (of the Matsyas)

(proper noun)

Genitive, masculine, plural of matsya

matsya - fish; a king of the Matsyas; the Matsya people

Note: Qualifies `godhanam`.

गोधनम् (godhanam) - wealth of cattle (cattle wealth; cows and riches)

(noun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of godhana

godhana - wealth in cows, cattle wealth

Compound type : karmadhāraya (go+dhana)

• go – cow, ox, cattle
  noun (feminine)
• dhana – wealth, property, riches
  noun (neuter)

Note: Subject of the implied verb 'should be'.

महत् (mahat) - great (great, large, important)

(adjective)

Nominative, neuter, singular of mahat

mahat - great, large, vast, mighty, important

Present Active Participle (from `mah`) or primary adjective

Root: mah (class 1)

Note: Qualifies `godhanam`.