महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-4, chapter-42, verse-15

यद्येष राजा मत्स्यानां यदि बीभत्सुरागतः ।
सर्वैर्योद्धव्यमस्माभिरिति नः समयः कृतः ॥१५॥

15. yadyeṣa rājā matsyānāṁ yadi bībhatsurāgataḥ ,
sarvairyoddhavyamasmābhiriti naḥ samayaḥ kṛtaḥ.

15. yadi eṣaḥ rājā matsyānām yadi bībhatsuḥ āgataḥ
sarvaiḥ yoddhavyam asmābhiḥ iti naḥ samayaḥ kṛtaḥ

15. If this is the King of the Matsyas, or if Bibhatsu (Arjuna) has arrived, then it is our agreement that all of us must fight.

Words meanings summery:

• यदि (yadi) - if

• एषः (eṣaḥ) - this (person leading the forces) (this, he)

• राजा (rājā) - king

• मत्स्यानाम् (matsyānām) - of the people of King Matsya (Virāṭa) (of the Matsyas, of the fish)

• यदि (yadi) - if

• बीभत्सुः (bībhatsuḥ) - Arjuna (who had this specific name meaning 'one who is disgusted by terrible deeds of war' during his incognito period or as one of his epithets) (Bibhatsu (one who abhors, a name of Arjuna))

• आगतः (āgataḥ) - has come, arrived

• सर्वैः (sarvaiḥ) - by all the Kaurava warriors (by all)

• योद्धव्यम् (yoddhavyam) - must be fought, fit to be fought

• अस्माभिः (asmābhiḥ) - by the Kauravas (by us)

• इति (iti) - thus, so, this is what was said

• नः (naḥ) - by us, to us, our

• समयः (samayaḥ) - agreement, compact, covenant, appointed time

• कृतः (kṛtaḥ) - made, done, performed

Words meanings and morphology

यदि (yadi) - if

(indeclinable)

एषः (eṣaḥ) - this (person leading the forces) (this, he)

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of etad

etad - this, he, she, it

Note: Refers to the person leading the forces.

राजा (rājā) - king

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of rājan

rājan - king, ruler

मत्स्यानाम् (matsyānām) - of the people of King Matsya (Virāṭa) (of the Matsyas, of the fish)

(proper noun)

Genitive, masculine, plural of matsya

matsya - fish, a proper name (King Virāṭa's kingdom/name)

Note: Refers to King Virāṭa's kingdom or people.

यदि (yadi) - if

(indeclinable)

बीभत्सुः (bībhatsuḥ) - Arjuna (who had this specific name meaning 'one who is disgusted by terrible deeds of war' during his incognito period or as one of his epithets) (Bibhatsu (one who abhors, a name of Arjuna))

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of bībhatsu

bībhatsu - one who is disgusted or abhors, a specific name of Arjuna

desiderative agent

Derived from root bhī (to fear) with desiderative suffix -san and agent suffix -u, meaning 'desiring to be free from fear' or 'hating terrible deeds'

Root: bhī (class 3)

आगतः (āgataḥ) - has come, arrived

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of āgata

āgata - approached, arrived, come

Past Passive Participle

Derived from root gam with prefix ā-

Prefix: ā

Root: gam (class 1)

Note: Agrees with Bībhatsuḥ.

सर्वैः (sarvaiḥ) - by all the Kaurava warriors (by all)

(pronoun)

Instrumental, masculine, plural of sarva

sarva - all, whole, entire

Note: Refers to all the Kaurava warriors, agent of yoddhavyam.

योद्धव्यम् (yoddhavyam) - must be fought, fit to be fought

(adjective)

Nominative, neuter, singular of yoddhavya

yoddhavya - to be fought, fit to be fought

gerundive (kartavya/tavya)

Gerundive from root yudh (4th class)

Root: yudh (class 4)

Note: The object of the fighting (the enemy) is understood.

अस्माभिः (asmābhiḥ) - by the Kauravas (by us)

(pronoun)

Instrumental, plural of asmad

asmad - I, we

Note: Agent in the passive gerundive construction.

इति (iti) - thus, so, this is what was said

(indeclinable)

नः (naḥ) - by us, to us, our

(pronoun)

Genitive, plural of asmad

asmad - I, we

Note: Functions as 'our' or 'by us' for the agreement.

समयः (samayaḥ) - agreement, compact, covenant, appointed time

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of samaya

samaya - agreement, compact, convention, time

Note: Subject of kṛtaḥ.

कृतः (kṛtaḥ) - made, done, performed

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of kṛta

kṛta - done, made, performed

Past Passive Participle

Derived from root kṛ (8th class)

Root: kṛ (class 8)

Note: Agrees with samayaḥ.