महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-4, chapter-42, verse-16

अथ कस्मात्स्थिता ह्येते रथेषु रथसत्तमाः ।
भीष्मो द्रोणः कृपश्चैव विकर्णो द्रौणिरेव च ॥१६॥

16. atha kasmātsthitā hyete ratheṣu rathasattamāḥ ,
bhīṣmo droṇaḥ kṛpaścaiva vikarṇo drauṇireva ca.

16. atha kasmāt sthitāḥ hi ete ratheṣu rathasattamāḥ
bhīṣmaḥ droṇaḥ kṛpaḥ ca eva vikarṇaḥ drauṇiḥ eva ca

16. Now, why are these foremost chariot-warriors—Bhishma, Drona, Kripa, Vikarna, and Drona's son—standing in their chariots?

Words meanings summery:

• अथ (atha) - now (now, then, thereupon)

• कस्मात् (kasmāt) - why (from what, why, whence)

• स्थिताः (sthitāḥ) - standing (standing, stationed, situated)

• हि (hi) - indeed (indeed, surely, for)

• एते (ete) - these

• रथेषु (ratheṣu) - in their chariots (in chariots)

• रथसत्तमाः (rathasattamāḥ) - foremost chariot-warriors (best among chariot-warriors, excellent charioteers)

• भीष्मः (bhīṣmaḥ) - Bhishma (Bhishma (name of a character))

• द्रोणः (droṇaḥ) - Drona (Drona (name of a character))

• कृपः (kṛpaḥ) - Kripa (Kripa (name of a character))

• च (ca) - and (and, also)

• एव (eva) - and (indeed, only, just, also)

• विकर्णः (vikarṇaḥ) - Vikarna (Vikarna (name of a character))

• द्रौणिः (drauṇiḥ) - Drona's son (Drona's son, Ashvatthama)

• एव (eva) - and also (indeed, only, just, also)

• च (ca) - and (and, also)

Words meanings and morphology

अथ (atha) - now (now, then, thereupon)

(indeclinable)

कस्मात् (kasmāt) - why (from what, why, whence)

(pronoun)

Ablative, singular of kim

kim - what, which, who, why

स्थिताः (sthitāḥ) - standing (standing, stationed, situated)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of sthita

sthita - stood, standing, situated, firm, fixed

Past Passive Participle

Derived from the root sthā (to stand)

Root: sthā (class 1)

हि (hi) - indeed (indeed, surely, for)

(indeclinable)

एते (ete) - these

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of etas

etas - this

रथेषु (ratheṣu) - in their chariots (in chariots)

(noun)

Locative, masculine, plural of ratha

ratha - chariot, car, vehicle

रथसत्तमाः (rathasattamāḥ) - foremost chariot-warriors (best among chariot-warriors, excellent charioteers)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of rathasattama

rathasattama - best among chariots; an excellent charioteer or warrior in a chariot

Compound type : saptamī-tatpuruṣa (ratha+sattama)

• ratha – chariot, car, vehicle
  noun (masculine)
• sattama – best, most excellent, chief
  adjective (masculine)
  Superlative suffix -tama

भीष्मः (bhīṣmaḥ) - Bhishma (Bhishma (name of a character))

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of bhīṣma

bhīṣma - Bhishma (a renowned warrior in the Mahabharata)

द्रोणः (droṇaḥ) - Drona (Drona (name of a character))

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of droṇa

droṇa - Drona (a revered teacher of archery and warfare in the Mahabharata)

कृपः (kṛpaḥ) - Kripa (Kripa (name of a character))

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of kṛpa

kṛpa - Kripa (a warrior and a guru in the Mahabharata)

च (ca) - and (and, also)

(indeclinable)

एव (eva) - and (indeed, only, just, also)

(indeclinable)

विकर्णः (vikarṇaḥ) - Vikarna (Vikarna (name of a character))

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of vikarṇa

vikarṇa - Vikarna (a Kaurava prince, one of Duryodhana's brothers)

द्रौणिः (drauṇiḥ) - Drona's son (Drona's son, Ashvatthama)

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of drauṇi

drauṇi - son of Drona (Ashvatthama)

Patronymic from Drona

एव (eva) - and also (indeed, only, just, also)

(indeclinable)

च (ca) - and (and, also)

(indeclinable)