महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-4, chapter-27, verse-4

यथैष ब्राह्मणः प्राह द्रोणः सर्वार्थतत्त्ववित् ।
सर्वलक्षणसंपन्ना नाशं नार्हन्ति पाण्डवाः ॥४॥

4. yathaiṣa brāhmaṇaḥ prāha droṇaḥ sarvārthatattvavit ,
sarvalakṣaṇasaṁpannā nāśaṁ nārhanti pāṇḍavāḥ.

4. yathā eṣaḥ brāhmaṇaḥ prāha droṇaḥ sarvārthatattvavit
sarvalakṣaṇasaṃpannāḥ nāśam na arhanti pāṇḍavāḥ

4. Just as this Brahmin (brāhmaṇa), Droṇa, the knower of the truth of all matters, has declared, "The Pāṇḍavas, who are endowed with all auspicious characteristics, do not deserve destruction."

Words meanings summery:

• यथा (yathā) - just as (just as, as, according to)

• एषः (eṣaḥ) - this (Brahmin) (this (masculine))

• ब्राह्मणः (brāhmaṇaḥ) - Drona, who is a Brahmin (Brahmin, a member of the priestly class)

• प्राह (prāha) - Drona declared (he said, he spoke, he declared)

• द्रोणः (droṇaḥ) - Drona, the preceptor (Drona (proper name))

• सर्वार्थतत्त्ववित् (sarvārthatattvavit) - Drona, who knows the reality of all subjects (knower of the truth of all matters/purposes)

• सर्वलक्षणसंपन्नाः (sarvalakṣaṇasaṁpannāḥ) - the Pandavas, endowed with all good qualities (endowed with all characteristics, possessing all auspicious marks)

• नाशम् (nāśam) - destruction (death, defeat) (destruction, ruin, disappearance)

• न (na) - not (not, no)

• अर्हन्ति (arhanti) - they (Pandavas) do not deserve (they deserve, they are worthy of)

• पाण्डवाः (pāṇḍavāḥ) - the sons of Pandu (the Pandavas (sons of Pandu))

Words meanings and morphology

यथा (yathā) - just as (just as, as, according to)

(indeclinable)

एषः (eṣaḥ) - this (Brahmin) (this (masculine))

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of etad

etad - this, this here

Note: Agrees with 'brāhmaṇaḥ'.

ब्राह्मणः (brāhmaṇaḥ) - Drona, who is a Brahmin (Brahmin, a member of the priestly class)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of brāhmaṇa

brāhmaṇa - Brahmin, priest, related to brahman

Derived from brahman

Note: Refers to Drona.

प्राह (prāha) - Drona declared (he said, he spoke, he declared)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, perfect (lit) of pra-ah

Perfect

Reduplicated perfect 3rd singular of root ah with upasarga pra

Prefix: pra

Root: ah (class 2)

द्रोणः (droṇaḥ) - Drona, the preceptor (Drona (proper name))

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of droṇa

droṇa - Drona (name of a warrior preceptor in Mahabharata)

Note: Subject of 'prāha'.

सर्वार्थतत्त्ववित् (sarvārthatattvavit) - Drona, who knows the reality of all subjects (knower of the truth of all matters/purposes)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of sarvārthatattvavit

sarvārthatattvavit - knower of the truth of all matters

Compound type : ṣaṣṭhī tatpuruṣa (sarvārthatattva+vit)

• sarva – all, every, whole
  adjective (masculine)
• artha – purpose, meaning, object, wealth
  noun (masculine)
• tattva – truth, reality, essence, principle
  noun (neuter)
  Derived from tad + tva
• vit – knower, understanding
  adjective (masculine)
  Derived from root vid (to know)
  Root: vid (class 2)

Note: Agrees with 'droṇaḥ'.

सर्वलक्षणसंपन्नाः (sarvalakṣaṇasaṁpannāḥ) - the Pandavas, endowed with all good qualities (endowed with all characteristics, possessing all auspicious marks)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of sarvalakṣaṇasaṃpanna

sarvalakṣaṇasaṁpanna - endowed with all good qualities/marks

Past Passive Participle

Compound 'sarvalakṣaṇa' (all marks) + 'saṃpanna' (endowed with)

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (sarva+lakṣaṇa+saṃpanna)

• sarva – all, every, whole
  adjective (masculine)
• lakṣaṇa – characteristic, mark, sign, attribute
  noun (neuter)
  Derived from root lakṣ (to mark)
  Root: lakṣ (class 10)
• saṃpanna – endowed with, accomplished, complete
  adjective (masculine)
  Past Passive Participle
  Derived from root pad (to go, obtain) with upasarga sam
  Prefix: sam
  Root: pad (class 4)

Note: Agrees with 'pāṇḍavāḥ'.

नाशम् (nāśam) - destruction (death, defeat) (destruction, ruin, disappearance)

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of nāśa

nāśa - destruction, ruin, loss, disappearance

Derived from root naś (to perish)

Root: naś (class 4)

Note: Object of 'arhanti'.

न (na) - not (not, no)

(indeclinable)

अर्हन्ति (arhanti) - they (Pandavas) do not deserve (they deserve, they are worthy of)

(verb)

3rd person , plural, active, present (laṭ) of arh

Present

Present 3rd plural

Root: arh (class 1)

पाण्डवाः (pāṇḍavāḥ) - the sons of Pandu (the Pandavas (sons of Pandu))

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of pāṇḍava

pāṇḍava - descendant of Pandu, the Pandavas

Patronymic from Pandu

Note: Subject of 'arhanti'.