महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-4, chapter-27, verse-25

धर्मात्मा स तदादृश्यः सोऽपि तात द्विजातिभिः ।
किं पुनः प्राकृतैः पार्थः शक्यो विज्ञातुमन्ततः ॥२५॥

25. dharmātmā sa tadādṛśyaḥ so'pi tāta dvijātibhiḥ ,
kiṁ punaḥ prākṛtaiḥ pārthaḥ śakyo vijñātumantataḥ.

25. dharmātmā saḥ tadā adṛśyaḥ saḥ api tāta dvijātibhiḥ
kim punaḥ prākṛtaiḥ pārthaḥ śakyaḥ vijñātum antataḥ

25. O dear one, that righteous-souled (dharmātmā) king, even by the twice-born, is difficult to perceive (adṛśyaḥ) or understand. How then can Pārtha (Yudhishthira) be truly known by ordinary people?

Words meanings summery:

• धर्मात्मा (dharmātmā) - righteous-souled, one whose inner nature (ātman) is natural law (dharma)

• सः (saḥ) - he, that

• तदा (tadā) - Here implies 'even then' or 'thus', emphasizing the extent of difficulty in understanding. (then, at that time)

• अदृश्यः (adṛśyaḥ) - imperceptible, invisible, incomprehensible, difficult to discern

• सः (saḥ) - he, that

• अपि (api) - also, even

• तात (tāta) - an affectionate address, often used by an elder to a younger person, or generally 'dear one'. (dear father, O dear one)

• द्विजातिभिः (dvijātibhiḥ) - by the twice-born (Brahmins)

• किम् (kim) - Used to introduce a rhetorical question implying 'how much more then' or 'what to speak of'. (what?)

• पुनः (punaḥ) - Emphasizes the rhetorical question: 'how much more' (difficult is it for ordinary people). (again, moreover, how much more)

• प्राकृतैः (prākṛtaiḥ) - by common people, by ordinary persons

• पार्थः (pārthaḥ) - Here, refers to Yudhishthira, who is also a son of Kunti (Pṛthā). (Arjuna, son of Pṛthā (Kunti))

• शक्यः (śakyaḥ) - able to be, possible (to be known)

• विज्ञातुम् (vijñātum) - to know, to understand

• अन्ततः (antataḥ) - completely, truly, ultimately, entirely

Words meanings and morphology

धर्मात्मा (dharmātmā) - righteous-souled, one whose inner nature (ātman) is natural law (dharma)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of dharmātman

dharmātman - one whose nature is righteousness, righteous-souled, virtuous

Compound type : Bahuvrīhi (dharma+ātman)

• dharma – natural law, righteousness, duty, virtue, constitution
  noun (masculine)
  Root: dhṛ (class 1)
• ātman – self, soul, spirit, essence
  noun (masculine)

सः (saḥ) - he, that

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

तदा (tadā) - Here implies 'even then' or 'thus', emphasizing the extent of difficulty in understanding. (then, at that time)

(indeclinable)

अदृश्यः (adṛśyaḥ) - imperceptible, invisible, incomprehensible, difficult to discern

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of adṛśya

adṛśya - invisible, imperceptible, not to be seen

Gerundive

From 'a-' (not) + gerundive of root 'dṛś' (to see).

Compound type : Nañ-Tatpurusha (a+dṛśya)

• a – not, non-, un-
  indeclinable
• dṛśya – visible, perceptible, to be seen
  adjective
  Gerundive
  Derived from root 'dṛś' (to see) with suffix 'yat' or 'ṇya'.
  Root: dṛś (class 1)

सः (saḥ) - he, that

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

अपि (api) - also, even

(indeclinable)

तात (tāta) - an affectionate address, often used by an elder to a younger person, or generally 'dear one'. (dear father, O dear one)

(noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of tāta

tāta - father, dear one (term of endearment)

द्विजातिभिः (dvijātibhiḥ) - by the twice-born (Brahmins)

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, plural of dvijāti

dvijāti - twice-born (a Brahmin, Kshatriya, or Vaishya; sometimes a bird, a tooth, a snake)

Compound type : Bahuvrīhi (dvi+jāti)

• dvi – two
  numeral
• jāti – birth, origin, class, species
  noun (feminine)
  From root 'jan' (to be born) with suffix 'ti'.
  Root: jan (class 4)

किम् (kim) - Used to introduce a rhetorical question implying 'how much more then' or 'what to speak of'. (what?)

(indeclinable)

पुनः (punaḥ) - Emphasizes the rhetorical question: 'how much more' (difficult is it for ordinary people). (again, moreover, how much more)

(indeclinable)

प्राकृतैः (prākṛtaiḥ) - by common people, by ordinary persons

(adjective)

Instrumental, masculine, plural of prākṛta

prākṛta - natural, ordinary, common, vulgar

Derived from 'prakṛti' (nature) with suffix 'aṇ'.

पार्थः (pārthaḥ) - Here, refers to Yudhishthira, who is also a son of Kunti (Pṛthā). (Arjuna, son of Pṛthā (Kunti))

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of pārtha

pārtha - son of Pṛthā (Kunti), Arjuna, Yudhishthira, Bhima

Derived from 'pṛthā' (name of Kunti) with suffix 'aṇ'.

शक्यः (śakyaḥ) - able to be, possible (to be known)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of śakya

śakya - possible, capable, practicable, to be done

Gerundive

Derived from root 'śak' (to be able) with suffix 'yat'.

Root: śak (class 5)

विज्ञातुम् (vijñātum) - to know, to understand

(verb)

active, infinitive of vijñā

Infinitive

Infinitive form of root 'jñā' (to know) with prefix 'vi-' and suffix 'tumun'.

Prefix: vi

Root: jñā (class 9)

अन्ततः (antataḥ) - completely, truly, ultimately, entirely

(indeclinable)

Derived from 'anta' (end) with the suffix 'tas'.