महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-3, chapter-77, verse-4

ततः पुष्करमासाद्य वीरसेनसुतो नलः ।
उवाच दीव्याव पुनर्बहु वित्तं मयार्जितम् ॥४॥

4. tataḥ puṣkaramāsādya vīrasenasuto nalaḥ ,
uvāca dīvyāva punarbahu vittaṁ mayārjitam.

4. tataḥ puṣkaram āsādya vīrasenasutaḥ nalaḥ
uvāca divyāva punaḥ bahu vittam mayā arjitam

4. Then Nala, the son of Virasena, having approached Pushkara, said: "Let us gamble again. Much wealth has been acquired by me."

Words meanings summery:

• ततः (tataḥ) - then, subsequently (then, from that, afterwards)

• पुष्करम् (puṣkaram) - referring to Nala's brother, Pushkara (Pushkara (proper name))

• आसाद्य (āsādya) - having approached (having approached, having obtained)

• वीरसेनसुतः (vīrasenasutaḥ) - Nala, who is the son of Virasena (son of Virasena)

• नलः (nalaḥ) - King Nala (Nala (proper name))

• उवाच (uvāca) - said, spoke

• दीव्याव (dīvyāva) - let us gamble, may we gamble

• पुनः (punaḥ) - again, once more

• बहु (bahu) - much, many, abundant

• वित्तम् (vittam) - wealth (wealth, property, acquired object)

• मया (mayā) - by me

• अर्जितम् (arjitam) - acquired, earned, collected

Words meanings and morphology

ततः (tataḥ) - then, subsequently (then, from that, afterwards)

(indeclinable)

पुष्करम् (puṣkaram) - referring to Nala's brother, Pushkara (Pushkara (proper name))

(proper noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of puṣkara

puṣkara - Pushkara (a proper name); lotus; tip of an elephant's trunk

आसाद्य (āsādya) - having approached (having approached, having obtained)

(indeclinable)

Absolutive (Gerund)

Derived from root √sad (1P) 'to sit, settle' with prefix 'ā' and 'sam', or more directly from root 'āsād' meaning 'to reach, approach'.

Prefix: ā

Root: sad (class 1)

Note: The form is an absolutive.

वीरसेनसुतः (vīrasenasutaḥ) - Nala, who is the son of Virasena (son of Virasena)

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of vīrasenasuta

vīrasenasuta - son of Virasena

Compound type : tatpurusha (vīrasena+suta)

• vīrasena – Virasena (proper name)
  proper noun (masculine)
• suta – son
  noun (masculine)
  Past Passive Participle (from √sū 'to beget')
  Nominalized past passive participle from √sū.
  Root: sū (class 4)

नलः (nalaḥ) - King Nala (Nala (proper name))

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of nala

nala - Nala (a mythical king, hero of the Nalopakhyana)

उवाच (uvāca) - said, spoke

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, perfect (lit) of vac

Perfect Active

3rd person singular, perfect tense, active voice. Root √vac (2P).

Root: vac (class 2)

दीव्याव (dīvyāva) - let us gamble, may we gamble

(verb)

1st person , dual, active, optative (liṅ) of dīv

Optative Active (1st dual)

1st person dual, optative mood, active voice. Root √dīv (4P).

Root: dīv (class 4)

Note: The optative implies a request or proposal.

पुनः (punaḥ) - again, once more

(indeclinable)

Note: This form is punaḥ before pause, punar before a vowel or soft consonant.

बहु (bahu) - much, many, abundant

(adjective)

Accusative, neuter, singular of bahu

bahu - much, many, abundant

Note: Agrees with vittam.

वित्तम् (vittam) - wealth (wealth, property, acquired object)

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of vitta

vitta - wealth, property, possession; found, obtained

Past Passive Participle (from √vid)

Nominalized Past Passive Participle from root √vid (6P) 'to find, obtain'.

Root: vid (class 6)

Note: Functions as a noun here.

मया (mayā) - by me

(pronoun)

Instrumental, singular of aham

aham - I

अर्जितम् (arjitam) - acquired, earned, collected

(participle)

Nominative, neuter, singular of arjita

arjita - acquired, earned, collected, gained

Past Passive Participle

Derived from root √ṛj (10P) 'to acquire, earn'.

Root: ṛj (class 10)

Note: Agrees with vittam, which is the grammatical subject in this passive construction.