महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-3, chapter-77, verse-11

नैषधेनैवमुक्तस्तु पुष्करः प्रहसन्निव ।
ध्रुवमात्मजयं मत्वा प्रत्याह पृथिवीपतिम् ॥११॥

11. naiṣadhenaivamuktastu puṣkaraḥ prahasanniva ,
dhruvamātmajayaṁ matvā pratyāha pṛthivīpatim.

11. naiṣadhena eva uktaḥ tu puṣkaraḥ prahasan iva
dhruvam ātmajayam matvā prati āha pṛthivīpatim

11. Having been addressed thus by the king of Niṣadha, Puṣkara, as if laughing and considering his own victory (ātmajaya) certain, replied to the lord of the earth.

Words meanings summery:

• नैषधेन (naiṣadhena) - by the king of Niṣadha, by Nala

• एव (eva) - indeed, just, certainly, thus

• उक्तः (uktaḥ) - addressed (spoken, said, addressed)

• तु (tu) - but, indeed, however, on the other hand

• पुष्करः (puṣkaraḥ) - Puṣkara (a proper name)

• प्रहसन् (prahasan) - laughing, smiling

• इव (iva) - as if, like, in the manner of

• ध्रुवम् (dhruvam) - certain (adverbial) (certain, sure, firm, constant)

• आत्मजयम् (ātmajayam) - victory over oneself, self-victory, one's own victory

• मत्वा (matvā) - having thought, having considered, thinking

• प्रति (prati) - towards, against, in return

• आह (āha) - he said, he spoke

• पृथिवीपतिम् (pṛthivīpatim) - to the lord of the earth, to the king

Words meanings and morphology

नैषधेन (naiṣadhena) - by the king of Niṣadha, by Nala

(proper noun)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of naiṣadha

naiṣadha - king of Niṣadha, Nala

एव (eva) - indeed, just, certainly, thus

(indeclinable)

उक्तः (uktaḥ) - addressed (spoken, said, addressed)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of vac

vac - to speak, to say

Past Passive Participle

From root vac, conjugated in the past passive participle

Root: vac (class 2)

तु (tu) - but, indeed, however, on the other hand

(indeclinable)

पुष्करः (puṣkaraḥ) - Puṣkara (a proper name)

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of puṣkara

puṣkara - lotus, blue lotus, tip of an elephant's trunk, water, a specific dice game, a proper name

प्रहसन् (prahasan) - laughing, smiling

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of prahas

has - to laugh, to smile

Present Active Participle

Derived from root has with upasarga pra-

Prefix: pra

Root: has (class 1)

इव (iva) - as if, like, in the manner of

(indeclinable)

ध्रुवम् (dhruvam) - certain (adverbial) (certain, sure, firm, constant)

(adjective)

Accusative, neuter, singular of dhruva

dhruva - firm, constant, certain, fixed, permanent

Note: Used adverbially here

आत्मजयम् (ātmajayam) - victory over oneself, self-victory, one's own victory

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of ātma-jaya

ātma-jaya - victory over oneself, self-victory

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (ātman+jaya)

• ātman – self (ātman), soul, essence, breath
  noun (masculine)
• jaya – victory, conquest, triumph
  noun (masculine)
  Root: ji (class 1)

मत्वा (matvā) - having thought, having considered, thinking

(indeclinable)

Absolutive (Gerund)

Indeclinable past participle

Root: man (class 4)

प्रति (prati) - towards, against, in return

(indeclinable)

Note: Used as an upasarga here, combined with āha to form pratyāha

आह (āha) - he said, he spoke

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, perfect (liṭ) of ah

Irregular perfect tense form

Root: ah

पृथिवीपतिम् (pṛthivīpatim) - to the lord of the earth, to the king

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of pṛthivī-pati

pṛthivī-pati - lord of the earth, king

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (pṛthivī+pati)

• pṛthivī – earth, ground
  noun (feminine)
• pati – lord, master, husband, ruler
  noun (masculine)