महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-3, chapter-77, verse-1

बृहदश्व उवाच ।
स मासमुष्य कौन्तेय भीममामन्त्र्य नैषधः ।
पुरादल्पपरीवारो जगाम निषधान्प्रति ॥१॥

1. bṛhadaśva uvāca ,
sa māsamuṣya kaunteya bhīmamāmantrya naiṣadhaḥ ,
purādalpaparīvāro jagāma niṣadhānprati.

1. bṛhadaśva uvāca sa māsam uṣya kaunteya bhīmam āmantrya
naiṣadhaḥ purāt alpaparīvāraḥ jagāma niṣadhān prati

1. Bṛhadaśva said: Having stayed for a month, O son of Kuntī (Kaunteya), that king of Niṣadha (Naiṣadha), having bid farewell to Bhīma, departed from the city with a small retinue towards Niṣadha.

Words meanings summery:

• बृहदश्व (bṛhadaśva) - Bṛhadaśva

• उवाच (uvāca) - said, spoke

• स (sa) - he, that

• मासम् (māsam) - a month, for a month

• उष्य (uṣya) - having stayed, having dwelt

• कौन्तेय (kaunteya) - O son of Kuntī (Arjuna)

• भीमम् (bhīmam) - Bhīma

• आमन्त्र्य (āmantrya) - having addressed, having bid farewell to

• नैषधः (naiṣadhaḥ) - king of Niṣadha, Nala (as an epithet)

• पुरात् (purāt) - from the city, from the town

• अल्पपरीवारः (alpaparīvāraḥ) - with a small retinue, having a small entourage

• जगाम (jagāma) - went, departed

• निषधान् (niṣadhān) - to Niṣadha (region)

• प्रति (prati) - towards, to, against

Words meanings and morphology

बृहदश्व (bṛhadaśva) - Bṛhadaśva

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of bṛhadaśva

bṛhadaśva - Bṛhadaśva (name of a sage)

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (bṛhat+aśva)

• bṛhat – great, large, vast
  adjective
• aśva – horse
  noun (masculine)

उवाच (uvāca) - said, spoke

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, perfect (liṭ) of vac

Root: vac (class 2)

स (sa) - he, that

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

मासम् (māsam) - a month, for a month

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of māsa

māsa - month

Note: denoting duration of time

उष्य (uṣya) - having stayed, having dwelt

(indeclinable)

absolutive

formed from root 'vas' (to dwell)

Root: vas (class 1)

कौन्तेय (kaunteya) - O son of Kuntī (Arjuna)

(proper noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of kaunteya

kaunteya - son of Kuntī (e.g., Arjuna, Bhīma, Yudhiṣṭhira)

patronymic from Kuntī

भीमम् (bhīmam) - Bhīma

(proper noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of bhīma

bhīma - Bhīma (name of one of the Pāṇḍavas)

आमन्त्र्य (āmantrya) - having addressed, having bid farewell to

(indeclinable)

absolutive

formed from root 'mantr' with prefix 'ā'

Prefix: ā

Root: mantr (class 10)

नैषधः (naiṣadhaḥ) - king of Niṣadha, Nala (as an epithet)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of naiṣadha

naiṣadha - pertaining to Niṣadha; a king of Niṣadha (epithet of Nala)

derived from Niṣadha (region)

पुरात् (purāt) - from the city, from the town

(noun)

Ablative, neuter, singular of pura

pura - city, town, fortress

अल्पपरीवारः (alpaparīvāraḥ) - with a small retinue, having a small entourage

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of alpaparīvāra

alpaparīvāra - having a small retinue/company

bahuvrīhi compound: 'one whose retinue (parīvāra) is small (alpa)'

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (alpa+parīvāra)

• alpa – small, little, few
  adjective
• parīvāra – retinue, entourage, attendants
  noun (masculine)

जगाम (jagāma) - went, departed

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, perfect (liṭ) of gam

Root: gam (class 1)

निषधान् (niṣadhān) - to Niṣadha (region)

(proper noun)

Accusative, masculine, plural of niṣadha

niṣadha - Niṣadha (name of a mountain range, also a country/region)

प्रति (prati) - towards, to, against

(indeclinable)