महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-3, chapter-73, verse-16

यत्स पुष्पाण्युपादाय हस्ताभ्यां ममृदे शनैः ।
मृद्यमानानि पाणिभ्यां तेन पुष्पाणि तान्यथ ॥१६॥

16. yatsa puṣpāṇyupādāya hastābhyāṁ mamṛde śanaiḥ ,
mṛdyamānāni pāṇibhyāṁ tena puṣpāṇi tānyatha.

16. yat sa puṣpāṇi upādāya hastābhyām mamṛde śanaiḥ
mṛdyamānāni pāṇibhyām tena puṣpāṇi tāni atha

16. Because he slowly crushed those flowers with his hands, those very flowers, being crushed by his hands, then...

Words meanings summery:

• यत् (yat) - because (which, what, because, that)

• स (sa) - he (Nala) (he, that)

• पुष्पाणि (puṣpāṇi) - the flowers (flowers)

• उपादाय (upādāya) - having taken (into his hands) (having taken, having seized, having accepted)

• हस्ताभ्याम् (hastābhyām) - with his two hands (by hands, with hands)

• ममृदे (mamṛde) - he crushed (he crushed, he rubbed, he pressed)

• शनैः (śanaiḥ) - slowly (slowly, gently, gradually)

• मृद्यमानानि (mṛdyamānāni) - being crushed (being crushed, being rubbed)

• पाणिभ्याम् (pāṇibhyām) - by his two hands (by hands, with hands)

• तेन (tena) - by him (Nala) (by that, by him)

• पुष्पाणि (puṣpāṇi) - those flowers (flowers)

• तानि (tāni) - those (flowers) (those)

• अथ (atha) - then (then, now, therefore, moreover)

Words meanings and morphology

यत् (yat) - because (which, what, because, that)

(indeclinable)

Used as a conjunction introducing a causal clause.

स (sa) - he (Nala) (he, that)

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

पुष्पाणि (puṣpāṇi) - the flowers (flowers)

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, plural of puṣpa

puṣpa - flower, blossom

Note: Can also be nominative plural, but accusative fits the transitive action of 'upādāya' and 'mamṛde'.

उपादाय (upādāya) - having taken (into his hands) (having taken, having seized, having accepted)

(indeclinable)

absolutive

Derived from root 'dā' (to give) with prefix 'upa-ā', meaning 'to take, to seize'.

Prefixes: upa+ā

Root: dā (class 3)

हस्ताभ्याम् (hastābhyām) - with his two hands (by hands, with hands)

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, dual of hasta

hasta - hand

Note: Used in the dual to refer to both hands.

ममृदे (mamṛde) - he crushed (he crushed, he rubbed, he pressed)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, middle, past perfect (liṭ) of mṛd

perfect

Perfect tense (Liṭ lakara), Ātmanepada, 3rd person singular. Formed by reduplication.

Root: mṛd (class 6)

शनैः (śanaiḥ) - slowly (slowly, gently, gradually)

(indeclinable)

Adverbial form.

मृद्यमानानि (mṛdyamānāni) - being crushed (being crushed, being rubbed)

(adjective)

Nominative, neuter, plural of mṛdyamāna

mṛdyamāna - being crushed, being rubbed

present passive participle

Present passive participle of root 'mṛd' (to crush) in Ātmanepada, formed with '-yamāna'.

Root: mṛd (class 6)

Note: Can also be accusative plural.

पाणिभ्याम् (pāṇibhyām) - by his two hands (by hands, with hands)

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, dual of pāṇi

pāṇi - hand

Note: Refers to the agent of the passive participle 'mṛdyamānāni'.

तेन (tena) - by him (Nala) (by that, by him)

(pronoun)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

Note: Refers to Nala, the agent of the action of crushing.

पुष्पाणि (puṣpāṇi) - those flowers (flowers)

(noun)

Nominative, neuter, plural of puṣpa

puṣpa - flower, blossom

Note: Can also be accusative plural. Here it is the subject of the implied 'to be' verb from the next verse.

तानि (tāni) - those (flowers) (those)

(pronoun)

Nominative, neuter, plural of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

Note: Can also be accusative plural. Agrees with 'puṣpāṇi'.

अथ (atha) - then (then, now, therefore, moreover)

(indeclinable)

Particle used to indicate succession or commencement.