महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-3, chapter-73, verse-1

बृहदश्व उवाच ।
दमयन्ती तु तच्छ्रुत्वा भृशं शोकपरायणा ।
शङ्कमाना नलं तं वै केशिनीमिदमब्रवीत् ॥१॥

1. bṛhadaśva uvāca ,
damayantī tu tacchrutvā bhṛśaṁ śokaparāyaṇā ,
śaṅkamānā nalaṁ taṁ vai keśinīmidamabravīt.

1. bṛhadaśva uvāca damayantī tu tat śrutvā bhṛśam
śokaparāyaṇā śaṅkamānā nalam tam vai keśinīm idam abravīt

1. Bṛhadaśva said: But Damayantī, having heard that, became deeply absorbed in sorrow. Suspecting that man to be Nala, she then said this to Keśinī.

Words meanings summery:

• बृहदश्व (bṛhadaśva) - The sage Bṛhadaśva, who is narrating the story. (Bṛhadaśva (proper name))

• उवाच (uvāca) - said, spoke

• दमयन्ती (damayantī) - Damayantī (proper name)

• तु (tu) - but, indeed, on the other hand

• तत् (tat) - the report given by Keśinī (that, this)

• श्रुत्वा (śrutvā) - having heard

• भृशम् (bhṛśam) - greatly, intensely, exceedingly

• शोकपरायणा (śokaparāyaṇā) - Damayantī was overwhelmed by grief (devoted to sorrow, overwhelmed by grief)

• शङ्कमाना (śaṅkamānā) - Damayantī, suspecting Bāhuka was Nala (suspecting, doubting, apprehensive)

• नलम् (nalam) - King Nala (Nala (proper name))

• तम् (tam) - that (person, Bāhuka, whom she suspected to be Nala) (that, him)

• वै (vai) - indeed, surely, verily

• केशिनीम् (keśinīm) - to Keśinī

• इदम् (idam) - the following words (this)

• अब्रवीत् (abravīt) - said, spoke

Words meanings and morphology

बृहदश्व (bṛhadaśva) - The sage Bṛhadaśva, who is narrating the story. (Bṛhadaśva (proper name))

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of bṛhadaśva

bṛhadaśva - Bṛhadaśva (proper name, 'having great horses')

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (bṛhat+aśva)

• bṛhat – great, large
  adjective
• aśva – horse
  noun (masculine)

उवाच (uvāca) - said, spoke

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, perfect (liṭ) of vac

Perfect tense

Perfect 3rd person singular, active voice of root 'vac' (class 2).

Root: vac (class 2)

दमयन्ती (damayantī) - Damayantī (proper name)

(proper noun)

Nominative, feminine, singular of damayantī

damayantī - Damayantī (proper name)

तु (tu) - but, indeed, on the other hand

(indeclinable)

Note: Indicates a slight contrast or continuation.

तत् (tat) - the report given by Keśinī (that, this)

(pronoun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of tad

tad - that, this, it

Note: Refers to Keśinī's report.

श्रुत्वा (śrutvā) - having heard

(indeclinable)

Absolutive (gerund)

Formed from root 'śru' (class 5) with suffix '-tvā'.

Root: śru (class 5)

भृशम् (bhṛśam) - greatly, intensely, exceedingly

(indeclinable)

Accusative neuter singular used adverbially.

शोकपरायणा (śokaparāyaṇā) - Damayantī was overwhelmed by grief (devoted to sorrow, overwhelmed by grief)

(adjective)

Nominative, feminine, singular of śokaparāyaṇa

śokaparāyaṇa - devoted to sorrow, overwhelmed by grief, having sorrow as the main aim

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (śoka+parāyaṇa)

• śoka – sorrow, grief, lamentation
  noun (masculine)
  From root 'śuc' (to grieve).
  Root: śuc (class 1)
• parāyaṇa – chief object, sole aim, devoted to, intent on
  noun (neuter)
  From prefix 'parā' + 'ayaṇa' (going).
  Prefix: parā

Note: Qualifies Damayantī.

शङ्कमाना (śaṅkamānā) - Damayantī, suspecting Bāhuka was Nala (suspecting, doubting, apprehensive)

(adjective)

Nominative, feminine, singular of śaṅka

śaṅka - to doubt, to suspect, to fear

Present Active Participle (middle voice)

From root 'śaṅk' (class 1, middle) with suffix '-māna'. Feminine nominative singular.

Root: śaṅk (class 1)

नलम् (nalam) - King Nala (Nala (proper name))

(proper noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of nala

nala - Nala (proper name, name of a king)

Note: Object of 'śaṅkamānā'.

तम् (tam) - that (person, Bāhuka, whom she suspected to be Nala) (that, him)

(pronoun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, him, it

Note: Qualifies 'nalam'.

वै (vai) - indeed, surely, verily

(indeclinable)

Particle for emphasis.

Note: For emphasis.

केशिनीम् (keśinīm) - to Keśinī

(proper noun)

Accusative, feminine, singular of keśinī

keśinī - a woman with fine hair, Keśinī (proper name)

Note: Object of 'abravīt'.

इदम् (idam) - the following words (this)

(pronoun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of idam

idam - this, these

Note: Refers to the speech to follow.

अब्रवीत् (abravīt) - said, spoke

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, imperfect (laṅ) of vac

Imperfect tense

Imperfect 3rd person singular, active voice of root 'vac' (class 2).

Root: vac (class 2)