महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-3, chapter-73, verse-15

छन्देन चोदकं तस्य वहत्यावर्जितं द्रुतम् ।
अतीव चान्यत्सुमहदाश्चर्यं दृष्टवत्यहम् ॥१५॥

15. chandena codakaṁ tasya vahatyāvarjitaṁ drutam ,
atīva cānyatsumahadāścaryaṁ dṛṣṭavatyaham.

15. cchandena ca udakaṃ tasya vahati āvarjitaṃ drutam
atīva ca anyat sumahat āścaryaṃ dṛṣṭavatī ahaṃ

15. And water, when poured, flows quickly at his will. And I also observed another very great wonder (āścarya).

Words meanings summery:

• च्छन्देन (cchandena) - by Bāhuka's will (by will, by choice, by desire)

• च (ca) - and, also

• उदकं (udakaṁ) - water

• तस्य (tasya) - of Bāhuka (his, of him)

• वहति (vahati) - flows, carries

• आवर्जितं (āvarjitaṁ) - referring to water that has been poured (poured, spilled, inclined)

• द्रुतम् (drutam) - quickly, swiftly, rapidly

• अतीव (atīva) - excessively, very much, extremely

• च (ca) - and, also

• अन्यत् (anyat) - another wonder (another, other)

• सुमहत् (sumahat) - very great, magnificent

• आश्चर्यं (āścaryaṁ) - wonder, marvel, surprise

• दृष्टवती (dṛṣṭavatī) - I saw (having seen (feminine))

• अहं (ahaṁ) - the speaker, Damayantī (I)

Words meanings and morphology

च्छन्देन (cchandena) - by Bāhuka's will (by will, by choice, by desire)

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of cchanda

cchanda - will, desire, choice, metre

From root 'chad' (to seem, to cover)

Root: chad (class 10)

च (ca) - and, also

(indeclinable)

उदकं (udakaṁ) - water

(noun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of udaka

udaka - water

Note: Subject of 'vahati'.

तस्य (tasya) - of Bāhuka (his, of him)

(pronoun)

Genitive, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

Note: Qualifies 'cchandena' (his will).

वहति (vahati) - flows, carries

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, present (lat) of vah

present tense

Root 'vah' (1st class), 3rd person singular present active.

Root: vah (class 1)

आवर्जितं (āvarjitaṁ) - referring to water that has been poured (poured, spilled, inclined)

(adjective)

Nominative, neuter, singular of āvarjita

āvarjita - poured, spilled, inclined, turned down

past passive participle

Derived from root 'vṛj' (to turn, to avoid) with prefix 'ā' and suffix 'ita'. With 'ā', often means to pour out, to make flow.

Prefix: ā

Root: vṛj (class 10)

Note: Functions adjectivally to describe 'udakaṃ'.

द्रुतम् (drutam) - quickly, swiftly, rapidly

(indeclinable)

past passive participle

Derived from root 'dru' (to run) with suffix 'ta'

Root: dru (class 1)

Note: Functions adverbially.

अतीव (atīva) - excessively, very much, extremely

(indeclinable)

Compound of 'ati' (over, beyond) and 'iva' (like, as) but functions as a single intensifying adverb.

च (ca) - and, also

(indeclinable)

Note: Connects this sentence with the previous observation.

अन्यत् (anyat) - another wonder (another, other)

(pronoun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of anya

anya - another, other

Note: Can function as an adjective.

सुमहत् (sumahat) - very great, magnificent

(adjective)

Nominative, neuter, singular of sumahat

sumahat - very great, magnificent, excellent

Compound of 'su' (good, well, very) and 'mahat' (great)

Compound type : karmadhāraya (su+mahat)

• su – good, well, very, excellent
  indeclinable
• mahat – great, large, important
  adjective (neuter)
  Root 'mah' (to be great)
  Root: mah (class 1)

आश्चर्यं (āścaryaṁ) - wonder, marvel, surprise

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of āścarya

āścarya - wonder, marvel, surprise, astonishment

Derived from 'ā-car' (to approach, to perform, to be astonishing)

Prefix: ā

Root: car (class 1)

Note: Object of 'dṛṣṭavatī'.

दृष्टवती (dṛṣṭavatī) - I saw (having seen (feminine))

(adjective)

Nominative, feminine, singular of dṛṣṭavat

dṛṣṭavat - having seen

past active participle

Formed from root 'dṛś' (to see) with suffix 'vat' (feminine 'vatī')

Root: dṛś (class 1)

Note: Serves as the main verb, expressing past action.

अहं (ahaṁ) - the speaker, Damayantī (I)

(pronoun)

Nominative, singular of asmad

asmad - I, we

Note: Subject of 'dṛṣṭavatī'.