महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-3, chapter-51, verse-18

एवमुक्तस्तु शक्रेण नारदः प्रत्यभाषत ।
शृणु मे भगवन्येन न दृश्यन्ते महीक्षितः ॥१८॥

18. evamuktastu śakreṇa nāradaḥ pratyabhāṣata ,
śṛṇu me bhagavanyena na dṛśyante mahīkṣitaḥ.

18. evam uktaḥ tu śakreṇa nāradaḥ pratyabhāṣata
śṛṇu me bhagavan yena na dṛśyante mahīkṣitaḥ

18. When thus addressed by Indra (Śakra), Narada replied: "Listen to me, O revered one, to the reason why these kings are not seen."

Words meanings summery:

• एवम् (evam) - thus, in this manner

• उक्तः (uktaḥ) - spoken, addressed, said

• तु (tu) - but, however, indeed

• शक्रेण (śakreṇa) - by Indra

• नारदः (nāradaḥ) - Narada

• प्रत्यभाषत (pratyabhāṣata) - he replied, he spoke in return

• शृणु (śṛṇu) - listen, hear

• मे (me) - to me, from me, my

• भगवन् (bhagavan) - O Indra, the revered one (O revered one, O lord)

• येन (yena) - by whom, by which (reason)

• न (na) - not, no

• दृश्यन्ते (dṛśyante) - they are seen

• महीक्षितः (mahīkṣitaḥ) - kings, rulers of the earth

Words meanings and morphology

एवम् (evam) - thus, in this manner

(indeclinable)

Demonstrative adverb

उक्तः (uktaḥ) - spoken, addressed, said

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of ukta

ukta - spoken, said, told

Past Passive Participle

From √vac (to speak)

Root: vac (class 2)

Note: Qualifies Narada (implied).

तु (tu) - but, however, indeed

(indeclinable)

Conjunctive particle

शक्रेण (śakreṇa) - by Indra

(proper noun)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of śakra

śakra - Indra, mighty one, powerful

Root: śak (class 5)

Note: Agent of 'uktaḥ'

नारदः (nāradaḥ) - Narada

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of nārada

nārada - Narada (name of a divine sage)

Note: Subject of 'pratyabhāṣata'

प्रत्यभाषत (pratyabhāṣata) - he replied, he spoke in return

(verb)

3rd person , singular, middle, past imperfect (laṅ) of pratyabhāṣ

Imperfect middle, 3rd singular

Prefixes: prati+abhi

Root: bhāṣ (class 1)

शृणु (śṛṇu) - listen, hear

(verb)

2nd person , singular, active, imperative (loṭ) of śru

Imperative active, 2nd singular

Root: śru (class 5)

मे (me) - to me, from me, my

(pronoun)

singular of aham

aham - I, myself

1st person pronoun

Note: Dative (for whom) or Genitive (from whom)

भगवन् (bhagavan) - O Indra, the revered one (O revered one, O lord)

(noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of bhagavat

bhagavat - revered, fortunate, divine, lord

Possessive adjective

Root: bhag

येन (yena) - by whom, by which (reason)

(pronoun)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of ya

ya - who, which, what

Relative pronoun

Note: Refers to the 'reason' being explained

न (na) - not, no

(indeclinable)

Negative particle

Note: Negates 'dṛśyante'

दृश्यन्ते (dṛśyante) - they are seen

(verb)

3rd person , plural, passive, present (laṭ) of dṛś

Present passive indicative, 3rd plural

Root: dṛś (class 1)

Note: Subject is 'mahīkṣitaḥ'

महीक्षितः (mahīkṣitaḥ) - kings, rulers of the earth

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of mahīkṣit

mahīkṣit - king, ruler of the earth

From mahī (earth) + kṣit (ruling, dwelling)

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (mahī+kṣit)

• mahī – earth, land
  noun (feminine)
• kṣit – ruling, dwelling
  adjective (masculine)
  From √kṣi (to rule, to dwell)
  Root: kṣi (class 5)

Note: Subject of 'dṛśyante'