महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-3, chapter-51, verse-10

हस्त्यश्वरथघोषेण नादयन्तो वसुंधराम् ।
विचित्रमाल्याभरणैर्बलैर्दृश्यैः स्वलंकृतैः ॥१०॥

10. hastyaśvarathaghoṣeṇa nādayanto vasuṁdharām ,
vicitramālyābharaṇairbalairdṛśyaiḥ svalaṁkṛtaiḥ.

10. hastyaśvarathaghoṣeṇa nādayantaḥ vasuṃdharām |
vicitramālyābharaṇaiḥ balaiḥ dṛśyaiḥ svalaṃkṛtaiḥ

10. They made the earth reverberate with the sounds of elephants, horses, and chariots, their magnificent and well-decorated forces (balaiḥ) adorned with diverse garlands and ornaments.

10. הם הרעישו את הארץ בקול הפילים, הסוסים והמרכבות, כשהם מצוידים בזרי פרחים וקישוטים מופלאים וצבאות נאים ומקושטים היטב.

Words meanings summery:

• हस्त्यश्वरथघोषेण (hastyaśvarathaghoṣeṇa) - with the sound of elephants, horses, and chariots

• नादयन्तः (nādayantaḥ) - making the earth resound (making resound, causing to sound)

• वसुंधराम् (vasuṁdharām) - the earth

• विचित्रमाल्याभरणैः (vicitramālyābharaṇaiḥ) - with diverse garlands and ornaments

• बलैः (balaiḥ) - with the accompanying retinues or armies of the kings (with forces, with armies, with retinues)

• दृश्यैः (dṛśyaiḥ) - visible, splendid, magnificent

• स्वलंकृतैः (svalaṁkṛtaiḥ) - well-adorned, beautifully decorated

Words meanings and morphology

हस्त्यश्वरथघोषेण (hastyaśvarathaghoṣeṇa) - with the sound of elephants, horses, and chariots

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of hastyaśvarathaghoṣa

hastyaśvarathaghoṣa - sound/clamor of elephants, horses, and chariots

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (hastin+aśva+ratha+ghoṣa)

• hastin – elephant
  noun (masculine)
• aśva – horse
  noun (masculine)
• ratha – chariot
  noun (masculine)
• ghoṣa – sound, clamor, noise
  noun (masculine)
  From root ghuṣ (to sound, proclaim)
  Root: ghuṣ (class 1)

नादयन्तः (nādayantaḥ) - making the earth resound (making resound, causing to sound)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of nādayat

nādayat - making sound, causing to roar/resound

Present active participle (causative)

Root nad (to sound) in causative form (-nādaya), then present active participle

Root: nad (class 1)

वसुंधराम् (vasuṁdharām) - the earth

(noun)

Accusative, feminine, singular of vasuṃdharā

vasuṁdharā - earth, 'bearer of wealth'

Compound type : upapada tatpuruṣa (vasu+dharā)

• vasu – wealth, treasure, riches
  noun (neuter)
• dharā – bearer, holding; earth
  noun (feminine)
  From root dhṛ (to hold, bear)
  Root: dhṛ (class 1)

विचित्रमाल्याभरणैः (vicitramālyābharaṇaiḥ) - with diverse garlands and ornaments

(noun)

Instrumental, neuter, plural of vicitramālyābharaṇa

vicitramālyābharaṇa - varied/diverse garlands and ornaments

Compound type : karmadhāraya (vicitra+mālya+ābharaṇa)

• vicitra – varied, diverse, wonderful, strange
  adjective (masculine)
• mālya – garland, wreath
  noun (neuter)
• ābharaṇa – ornament, decoration, jewelry
  noun (neuter)
  From root bhṛ (to bear) with prefix ā-
  Prefix: ā
  Root: bhṛ (class 1)

Note: Agrees with 'balaiḥ' as an adjective or describes the general state of adornment.

बलैः (balaiḥ) - with the accompanying retinues or armies of the kings (with forces, with armies, with retinues)

(noun)

Instrumental, neuter, plural of bala

bala - strength, power, force, army, troops, retinue

दृश्यैः (dṛśyaiḥ) - visible, splendid, magnificent

(adjective)

Instrumental, neuter, plural of dṛśya

dṛśya - visible, to be seen, beautiful, splendid

Gerundive

From root dṛś (to see), with suffix -ya (forming a gerundive or potential participle). Here functioning as an adjective.

Root: dṛś (class 1)

Note: Agrees with 'balaiḥ'.

स्वलंकृतैः (svalaṁkṛtaiḥ) - well-adorned, beautifully decorated

(adjective)

Instrumental, neuter, plural of svalaṃkṛta

svalaṁkṛta - well-adorned, beautifully decorated

Past Passive Participle

From root kṛ (to do) with prefixes alam- (sufficiently, beautifully) and su- (well), forming a past passive participle

Compound type : karmadhāraya (su+alaṃkṛta)

• su – well, good, excellent
  indeclinable
• alaṃkṛta – adorned, decorated
  adjective (neuter)
  Past Passive Participle
  From root kṛ with prefix alam-
  Prefix: alam
  Root: kṛ (class 8)

Note: Agrees with 'balaiḥ'.

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