महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-3, chapter-51, verse-1

बृहदश्व उवाच ।
दमयन्ती तु तच्छ्रुत्वा वचो हंसस्य भारत ।
तदा प्रभृति नस्वस्था नलं प्रति बभूव सा ॥१॥

1. bṛhadaśva uvāca ,
damayantī tu tacchrutvā vaco haṁsasya bhārata ,
tadā prabhṛti nasvasthā nalaṁ prati babhūva sā.

1. bṛhadaśva uvāca damayantī tu tat śrutvā vacaḥ haṃsasya
bhārata tadā prabhṛti na svasthā nalam prati babhūva sā

1. Bṛhadaśva said: 'O Bhārata, after hearing the swan's words, Damayantī became uneasy concerning Nala from that time onwards.'

Words meanings summery:

• बृहदश्व (bṛhadaśva) - The sage narrating the story to King Yudhiṣṭhira (Bṛhadaśva (name of a sage))

• उवाच (uvāca) - he said, he spoke

• दमयन्ती (damayantī) - The princess of Vidarbha, beloved of Nala (Damayantī (name of a princess))

• तु (tu) - indicating a mild emphasis or sequence of events, best translated as 'then' or omitted for natural flow (but, however, on the other hand, then)

• तत् (tat) - that (referring to the swan's speech or words) (that, that one)

• श्रुत्वा (śrutvā) - having heard

• वचः (vacaḥ) - the words or message (of the swan) (word, speech, utterance)

• हंसस्य (haṁsasya) - of the swan

• भारत (bhārata) - Addressing King Yudhiṣṭhira, the listener of Bṛhadaśva's narration (O descendant of Bharata, O Bhārata)

• तदा (tadā) - then, at that time

• प्रभृति (prabhṛti) - from that time onwards (from, beginning from, onwards)

• न (na) - not, no

• स्वस्था (svasthā) - not at ease, uneasy, distressed (in conjunction with 'na') (healthy, well, at ease, comfortable)

• नलम् (nalam) - regarding King Nala (Nala (accusative))

• प्रति (prati) - towards, concerning, regarding

• बभूव (babhūva) - she became, she was

• सा (sā) - Damayantī (she, that (feminine))

Words meanings and morphology

बृहदश्व (bṛhadaśva) - The sage narrating the story to King Yudhiṣṭhira (Bṛhadaśva (name of a sage))

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of bṛhadaśva

bṛhadaśva - Bṛhadaśva (name of a sage)

उवाच (uvāca) - he said, he spoke

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, perfect (liṭ) of vac

Perfect Tense

Irregular perfect tense form of the root 'vac'

Root: vac (class 2)

दमयन्ती (damayantī) - The princess of Vidarbha, beloved of Nala (Damayantī (name of a princess))

(proper noun)

Nominative, feminine, singular of damayantī

damayantī - Damayantī (name of a princess, wife of Nala)

तु (tu) - indicating a mild emphasis or sequence of events, best translated as 'then' or omitted for natural flow (but, however, on the other hand, then)

(indeclinable)

तत् (tat) - that (referring to the swan's speech or words) (that, that one)

(pronoun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

श्रुत्वा (śrutvā) - having heard

(indeclinable)

Absolutive (Gerund)

Derived from the root 'śru' (to hear) with the suffix '-ktvā'

Root: śru (class 5)

वचः (vacaḥ) - the words or message (of the swan) (word, speech, utterance)

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of vacas

vacas - word, speech, utterance, saying

हंसस्य (haṁsasya) - of the swan

(noun)

Genitive, masculine, singular of haṃsa

haṁsa - swan, goose, a mythical bird

भारत (bhārata) - Addressing King Yudhiṣṭhira, the listener of Bṛhadaśva's narration (O descendant of Bharata, O Bhārata)

(proper noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of bhārata

bhārata - descendant of Bharata, relating to Bharata

तदा (tadā) - then, at that time

(indeclinable)

प्रभृति (prabhṛti) - from that time onwards (from, beginning from, onwards)

(indeclinable)

न (na) - not, no

(indeclinable)

स्वस्था (svasthā) - not at ease, uneasy, distressed (in conjunction with 'na') (healthy, well, at ease, comfortable)

(adjective)

Nominative, feminine, singular of svastha

svastha - healthy, well, at ease, self-reliant, comfortable

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (sva+sthā)

• sva – own, self
  pronoun
• sthā – standing, situated
  noun
  Derived from the root 'sthā' (to stand)
  Root: sthā (class 1)

नलम् (nalam) - regarding King Nala (Nala (accusative))

(proper noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of nala

nala - Nala (name of a legendary king)

प्रति (prati) - towards, concerning, regarding

(indeclinable)

बभूव (babhūva) - she became, she was

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, perfect (liṭ) of bhū

Perfect Tense

Perfect tense (liṭ) 3rd person singular form of the root 'bhū'

Root: bhū (class 1)

सा (sā) - Damayantī (she, that (feminine))

(pronoun)

Nominative, feminine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it