महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-3, chapter-39, verse-27

तस्य देवेश न वयं विद्मः सर्वे चिकीर्षितम् ।
संतापयति नः सर्वानसौ साधु निवार्यताम् ॥२७॥

27. tasya deveśa na vayaṁ vidmaḥ sarve cikīrṣitam ,
saṁtāpayati naḥ sarvānasau sādhu nivāryatām.

27. tasya deveśa na vayam vidmaḥ sarve cikīrṣitam
saṃtāpayati naḥ sarvān asau sādhu nivāryatām

27. O lord of gods, none of us knows what he intends to do. He torments all of us; therefore, he should be properly restrained.

Words meanings summery:

• तस्य (tasya) - his, of him, its, of it

• देवेश (deveśa) - O lord of gods, O ruler of gods

• न (na) - not, no

• वयम् (vayam) - we

• विद्मः (vidmaḥ) - we know

• सर्वे (sarve) - all, everyone

• चिकीर्षितम् (cikīrṣitam) - what is intended to be done, desire to do, intention

• संतापयति (saṁtāpayati) - he torments, causes suffering, afflicts

• नः (naḥ) - us, to us

• सर्वान् (sarvān) - all, everyone

• असौ (asau) - that one, he

• साधु (sādhu) - properly, well, rightly

• निवार्यताम् (nivāryatām) - let him be stopped, let him be restrained, he should be prevented

Words meanings and morphology

तस्य (tasya) - his, of him, its, of it

(pronoun)

Genitive, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

Note: Refers to the tormentor.

देवेश (deveśa) - O lord of gods, O ruler of gods

(proper noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of deveśa

deveśa - lord of gods, ruler of gods

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (deva+īśa)

• deva – god, deity
  noun (masculine)
• īśa – lord, master, ruler
  noun (masculine)

न (na) - not, no

(indeclinable)

वयम् (vayam) - we

(pronoun)

Nominative, plural of asmad

asmad - I, we

विद्मः (vidmaḥ) - we know

(verb)

1st person , plural, active, present (laṭ) of vid

Root: vid (class 2)

Note: `vid` is an athematic verb (2nd class).

सर्वे (sarve) - all, everyone

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of sarva

sarva - all, every, whole

Note: Agrees with `vayam`.

चिकीर्षितम् (cikīrṣitam) - what is intended to be done, desire to do, intention

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of cikīrṣita

cikīrṣita - desired to be done, intended

Past Passive Participle of Desiderative

From desiderative stem of √kṛ (to do) + kta suffix. Neuter noun.

Root: kṛ (class 8)

Note: Object of `vidmaḥ`.

संतापयति (saṁtāpayati) - he torments, causes suffering, afflicts

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, present (laṭ) of saṃtāpay

causative

From `sam` + `tap` (to heat, suffer) with causative suffix `-aya`.

Prefix: sam

Root: tap (class 1)

Note: Subject is `asau`.

नः (naḥ) - us, to us

(pronoun)

Accusative, plural of asmad

asmad - I, we

Note: Object of `saṃtāpayati`.

सर्वान् (sarvān) - all, everyone

(pronoun)

Accusative, masculine, plural of sarva

sarva - all, every, whole

Note: Agrees with `naḥ`.

असौ (asau) - that one, he

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of adas

adas - that, yonder, he, she, it

Note: Subject of `saṃtāpayati`.

साधु (sādhu) - properly, well, rightly

(indeclinable)

Can also be an adjective/noun, but here acts as an adverb.

Root: sādh

Note: Qualifies `nivāryatām`.

निवार्यताम् (nivāryatām) - let him be stopped, let him be restrained, he should be prevented

(verb)

3rd person , singular, passive, imperative (loṭ) of nivāray

causative

From `ni` + `vṛ` (to cover, choose) with causative suffix `-aya`.

Prefix: ni

Root: vṛ (class 9)

Note: Expresses a command or request.