महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-3, chapter-39, verse-21

दर्भचीरं निवस्याथ दण्डाजिनविभूषितः ।
पूर्णे पूर्णे त्रिरात्रे तु मासमेकं फलाशनः ।
द्विगुणेनैव कालेन द्वितीयं मासमत्यगात् ॥२१॥

21. darbhacīraṁ nivasyātha daṇḍājinavibhūṣitaḥ ,
pūrṇe pūrṇe trirātre tu māsamekaṁ phalāśanaḥ ,
dviguṇenaiva kālena dvitīyaṁ māsamatyagāt.

21. darbhacīram nivasya atha
daṇḍājinavibhūṣitaḥ pūrṇe pūrṇe trirātre
tu māsam ekam phalāśanaḥ dviguṇena
eva kālena dvitīyam māsam atyagāt

21. Then, having put on a garment of Darbha grass and adorned with a staff and deerskin, he subsisted on fruits for one month, doing so after every three nights. He passed the second month with a fasting period of twice that duration.

21. הוא לבש בגד מעשב דַרְבְּהַה וקליפות עץ, והתקשט במקל ובעור צבי. במשך חודש אחד אכל פירות רק אחת לשלושה לילות מלאים, ואת החודש השני עבר כשהוא מכפיל את משך הזמן (ואוכל רק אחת לשישה לילות),

Words meanings summery:

• दर्भचीरम् (darbhacīram) - garment made of Darbha grass

• निवस्य (nivasya) - having put on, having worn

• अथ (atha) - then, next

• दण्डाजिनविभूषितः (daṇḍājinavibhūṣitaḥ) - adorned with a staff and deerskin

• पूर्णे (pūrṇe) - complete, full

• पूर्णे (pūrṇe) - each time a period was complete (complete, full)

• त्रिरात्रे (trirātre) - of three nights, a period of three nights

• तु (tu) - but, indeed, however

• मासम् (māsam) - month

• एकम् (ekam) - one, single

• फलाशनः (phalāśanaḥ) - eating fruits, subsisting on fruits

• द्विगुणेन (dviguṇena) - by twice (the amount), by double

• एव (eva) - only, indeed, just

• कालेन (kālena) - with twice that duration (by time, in time)

• द्वितीयम् (dvitīyam) - second

• मासम् (māsam) - month

• अत्यगात् (atyagāt) - he passed, he spent

Words meanings and morphology

दर्भचीरम् (darbhacīram) - garment made of Darbha grass

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of darbhacīra

darbhacīra - garment made of Darbha grass

Compound type : tatpurusha (darbha+cīra)

• darbha – sacred grass (Poa cynosuroides)
  noun (masculine)
• cīra – strip of bark, garment, rag
  noun (neuter)

निवस्य (nivasya) - having put on, having worn

(indeclinable)

Absolutive

Formed with suffix -ya after prefix ni-

Prefix: ni

Root: vas (class 2)

अथ (atha) - then, next

(indeclinable)

दण्डाजिनविभूषितः (daṇḍājinavibhūṣitaḥ) - adorned with a staff and deerskin

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of daṇḍājinavibhūṣita

daṇḍājinavibhūṣita - adorned with a staff and deerskin

Compound type : bahuvrihi (daṇḍa+ajina+vibhūṣita)

• daṇḍa – staff, stick, rod
  noun (masculine)
• ajina – deerskin, hide
  noun (neuter)
• vibhūṣita – adorned, decorated, ornamented
  adjective (masculine)
  Past Passive Participle
  Prefix: vi
  Root: bhūṣ (class 10)

पूर्णे (pūrṇe) - complete, full

(adjective)

Locative, neuter, singular of pūrṇa

pūrṇa - complete, full, finished

Past Passive Participle

Root: pṝ (class 9)

पूर्णे (pūrṇe) - each time a period was complete (complete, full)

(adjective)

Locative, neuter, singular of pūrṇa

pūrṇa - complete, full, finished

Past Passive Participle

Root: pṝ (class 9)

त्रिरात्रे (trirātre) - of three nights, a period of three nights

(noun)

Locative, neuter, singular of trirātra

trirātra - a period of three nights

Compound type : dvigu (tri+rātra)

• tri – three
  numeral
• rātra – night
  noun (neuter)

तु (tu) - but, indeed, however

(indeclinable)

मासम् (māsam) - month

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of māsa

māsa - month

एकम् (ekam) - one, single

(numeral)

फलाशनः (phalāśanaḥ) - eating fruits, subsisting on fruits

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of phalāśana

phalāśana - eating fruits, subsisting on fruits

Compound type : upapada tatpurusha (phala+āśana)

• phala – fruit, result, consequence
  noun (neuter)
• āśana – eating, food, act of eating
  noun (neuter)
  Kṛt suffix -ana
  Root: aś (class 5)

द्विगुणेन (dviguṇena) - by twice (the amount), by double

(adjective)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of dviguṇa

dviguṇa - double, twofold, twice as much

Compound type : dvigu (dvi+guṇa)

• dvi – two
  numeral
• guṇa – quality, multiple, factor
  noun (masculine)

एव (eva) - only, indeed, just

(indeclinable)

कालेन (kālena) - with twice that duration (by time, in time)

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of kāla

kāla - time, period, season

द्वितीयम् (dvitīyam) - second

(numeral)

मासम् (māsam) - month

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of māsa

māsa - month

अत्यगात् (atyagāt) - he passed, he spent

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, past imperfect (laṅ) of atigam

Prefix: ati

Root: gam (class 1)

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