महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-3, chapter-298, verse-2

युधिष्ठिर उवाच ।
सरस्येकेन पादेन तिष्ठन्तमपराजितम् ।
पृच्छामि को भवान्देवो न मे यक्षो मतो भवान् ॥२॥

2. yudhiṣṭhira uvāca ,
sarasyekena pādena tiṣṭhantamaparājitam ,
pṛcchāmi ko bhavāndevo na me yakṣo mato bhavān.

2. yudhiṣṭhiraḥ uvāca sarasi ekena pādena tiṣṭhantam aparājitam
pṛcchāmi kaḥ bhavān devaḥ na me yakṣaḥ mataḥ bhavān

2. Yudhishthira said, "Standing in the lake on one foot, undefeated, I ask: Who are you, a god? I do not consider you a yakṣa."

Words meanings summery:

• युधिष्ठिरः (yudhiṣṭhiraḥ) - Yudhishthira

• उवाच (uvāca) - said, spoke

• सरसि (sarasi) - in the lake, in the pond

• एकेन (ekena) - by one, with one, on one

• पादेन (pādena) - by foot, with foot, on foot

• तिष्ठन्तम् (tiṣṭhantam) - standing, remaining

• अपराजितम् (aparājitam) - undefeated, unconquered

• पृच्छामि (pṛcchāmi) - I ask, I inquire

• कः (kaḥ) - who?

• भवान् (bhavān) - you (honorific)

• देवः (devaḥ) - god, deity

• न (na) - not, no

• मे (me) - to me, my, by me

• यक्षः (yakṣaḥ) - yakṣa (a class of nature spirits)

• मतः (mataḥ) - considered, thought, opined

• भवान् (bhavān) - you (honorific)

Words meanings and morphology

युधिष्ठिरः (yudhiṣṭhiraḥ) - Yudhishthira

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of yudhiṣṭhira

yudhiṣṭhira - Yudhishthira (proper name, 'steady in battle')

Compound type : aluk tatpuruṣa (yudhi+sthira)

• yudhi – in battle
  noun (feminine)
  locative singular of yudh (battle)
  Root: yudh
• sthira – firm, steady, immovable
  adjective (masculine)
  From root sthā (to stand)
  Root: sthā (class 1)

उवाच (uvāca) - said, spoke

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, past perfect (lit) of vac

Perfect Active

3rd person singular perfect active of √vac

Root: vac (class 2)

सरसि (sarasi) - in the lake, in the pond

(noun)

Locative, neuter, singular of saras

saras - lake, pond, pool

Root: sṛ

एकेन (ekena) - by one, with one, on one

(numeral)

पादेन (pādena) - by foot, with foot, on foot

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of pāda

pāda - foot, leg, quarter, verse-foot

Root: pad

तिष्ठन्तम् (tiṣṭhantam) - standing, remaining

(participle)

Accusative, masculine, singular of sthā

sthā - to stand, to remain, to stay

Present Active Participle

Present active participle of √sthā, accusative singular masculine

Root: sthā (class 1)

अपराजितम् (aparājitam) - undefeated, unconquered

(participle)

Accusative, masculine, singular of aparājita

aparājita - unconquered, undefeated, invincible

Past Passive Participle

Formed from 'a' (negation) + 'parā' (prefix) + √ji (to conquer) + 'kta' suffix

Compound type : nañ-bahuvrīhi (a+parājita)

• a – not, un-, in-
  indeclinable
  Negative prefix
• parājita – conquered, defeated
  participle (masculine)
  Past Passive Participle
  From 'parā' (away) + √ji (to conquer)
  Prefix: parā
  Root: ji (class 1)

Note: Functions as an adjective here modifying the implied object of tiṣṭhantam (the Yakṣa).

पृच्छामि (pṛcchāmi) - I ask, I inquire

(verb)

1st person , singular, active, present (laṭ) of prach

Present Active

1st person singular present active of √prach (class 6)

Root: prach (class 6)

कः (kaḥ) - who?

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of kim

kim - who, what, which

Masculine nominative singular of kim

भवान् (bhavān) - you (honorific)

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of bhavat

bhavat - you (respectful), being, existing

Present Active Participle

Masculine nominative singular of bhavat (which comes from √bhū)

Root: bhū (class 1)

देवः (devaḥ) - god, deity

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of deva

deva - god, deity, divine being

Root: div

न (na) - not, no

(indeclinable)

Particle of negation.

मे (me) - to me, my, by me

(pronoun)

Dative, singular of asmad

asmad - I, we

Dative/Genitive/Locative singular of asmad

Note: Often used as genitive or dative. Here with passive construction mataḥ it takes dative (or genitive of agent).

यक्षः (yakṣaḥ) - yakṣa (a class of nature spirits)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of yakṣa

yakṣa - a class of nature spirits, often benevolent but sometimes mischievous

Root: yaj

मतः (mataḥ) - considered, thought, opined

(participle)

Nominative, masculine, singular of mat

mat - to think, to consider, to believe

Past Passive Participle

Masculine nominative singular of the Past Passive Participle of √man (to think)

Root: man (class 4)

भवान् (bhavān) - you (honorific)

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of bhavat

bhavat - you (respectful), being, existing

Present Active Participle

Masculine nominative singular of bhavat

Root: bhū (class 1)