महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-3, chapter-291, verse-3

अनागसः पितुः शापो ब्राह्मणस्य तथैव च ।
मन्निमित्तः कथं न स्यात्क्रुद्धादस्माद्विभावसोः ॥३॥

3. anāgasaḥ pituḥ śāpo brāhmaṇasya tathaiva ca ,
mannimittaḥ kathaṁ na syātkruddhādasmādvibhāvasoḥ.

3. anāgasaḥ pituḥ śāpaḥ brāhmaṇasya tathā eva ca
mannimittaḥ katham na syāt kruddhāt asmāt vibhāvasoḥ

3. How could a curse not come upon my innocent father, and likewise upon the brahmin (Dhaumya), caused by me, from this enraged Vivāvasu (the sun god)?

Words meanings summery:

• अनागसः (anāgasaḥ) - innocent (innocent, faultless, blameless)

• पितुः (pituḥ) - of my father (of the father)

• शापः (śāpaḥ) - a curse (curse, imprecation)

• ब्राह्मणस्य (brāhmaṇasya) - of the brahmin (Dhaumya) (of a brahmin)

• तथा (tathā) - similarly (thus, so, in that manner, similarly)

• एव (eva) - indeed, even (only, just, indeed, even)

• च (ca) - and (and, also)

• मन्निमित्तः (mannimittaḥ) - caused by me (caused by me, having me as the cause)

• कथम् (katham) - how (how, why)

• न (na) - not (not, no)

• स्यात् (syāt) - could it be (happen) (may be, let it be, should be)

• क्रुद्धात् (kruddhāt) - from this enraged (from the enraged, from the angry)

• अस्मात् (asmāt) - from this (from this, from him)

• विभावसोः (vibhāvasoḥ) - of Vivāvasu (the sun god) (of the sun, of fire, of the luminous one)

Words meanings and morphology

अनागसः (anāgasaḥ) - innocent (innocent, faultless, blameless)

(adjective)

Genitive, masculine, singular of anāgas

anāgas - innocent, faultless, blameless, sinless

Genitive singular of 'anāgas', a compound of 'an' (not) and 'āgas' (fault).

Compound type : nañ-tatpuruṣa (an+āgas)

• an – not, un-
  indeclinable
  Negative prefix.
• āgas – fault, offense, crime, guilt
  noun (neuter)

Note: Qualifies 'pituḥ'.

पितुः (pituḥ) - of my father (of the father)

(noun)

Genitive, masculine, singular of pitṛ

pitṛ - father

Note: Refers to Draupadī's father, Drupada.

शापः (śāpaḥ) - a curse (curse, imprecation)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of śāpa

śāpa - curse, imprecation, oath

Root: śap (class 1)

Note: Subject of the sentence.

ब्राह्मणस्य (brāhmaṇasya) - of the brahmin (Dhaumya) (of a brahmin)

(noun)

Genitive, masculine, singular of brāhmaṇa

brāhmaṇa - brahmin, member of the priestly class

From 'brahman' with suffix '-aṇ'. Masculine genitive singular.

Note: Another recipient of the potential curse.

तथा (tathā) - similarly (thus, so, in that manner, similarly)

(indeclinable)

एव (eva) - indeed, even (only, just, indeed, even)

(indeclinable)

Emphatic particle.

Note: Used with 'tathā' to emphasize similarity.

च (ca) - and (and, also)

(indeclinable)

Conjunction.

Note: Connects 'brāhmaṇasya' to the preceding 'pituḥ'.

मन्निमित्तः (mannimittaḥ) - caused by me (caused by me, having me as the cause)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of mannimitta

mannimitta - caused by me, having me as the cause

Nominative singular masculine of 'mannimitta' (mama + nimitta), a compound formed with the pronominal stem 'mat' (from 'asmad' 'I/me') meaning 'my' or 'by me' and 'nimitta'.

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (mat+nimitta)

• mat – my, me (in compounds)
  pronoun
  Derived from 'asmad' (I/me), represents the genitive in compounds.
• nimitta – cause, reason, motive, omen
  noun (neuter)

Note: Qualifies 'śāpaḥ'.

कथम् (katham) - how (how, why)

(indeclinable)

Interrogative adverb.

न (na) - not (not, no)

(indeclinable)

Note: Negates the verb 'syāt'.

स्यात् (syāt) - could it be (happen) (may be, let it be, should be)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, optative (liṅ) of as

Optative Active

3rd singular optative active of √as 'to be' (class 2).

Root: as (class 2)

क्रुद्धात् (kruddhāt) - from this enraged (from the enraged, from the angry)

(adjective)

Ablative, masculine, singular of kruddha

kruddha - angry, enraged, wrathful

Past Passive Participle

Past passive participle of √krudh 'to be angry' (class 4), masculine ablative singular.

Root: krudh (class 4)

Note: Qualifies 'vibhāvasoḥ'.

अस्मात् (asmāt) - from this (from this, from him)

(pronoun)

Ablative, masculine, singular of idam

idam - this, here, he

Masculine ablative singular of 'idam'.

Note: Refers to the sun god.

विभावसोः (vibhāvasoḥ) - of Vivāvasu (the sun god) (of the sun, of fire, of the luminous one)

(proper noun)

Ablative, masculine, singular of vibhāvasu

vibhāvasu - sun, fire, luminous, splendid one

Masculine ablative singular (or genitive singular) of 'vibhāvasu' (literally 'having much light' or 'rich in splendor').

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (vibhā+vasu)

• vibhā – brilliance, splendor, light
  noun (feminine)
  From prefix 'vi' and root 'bhā' (to shine).
  Prefix: vi
  Root: bhā (class 2)
• vasu – wealth, goods, excellence, light
  noun (neuter)
  Also means 'a good thing' or 'rich'. Here implying 'possessing' or 'full of'.
  Root: vas (class 1)

Note: Refers to the sun god.