महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-3, chapter-287, verse-15

अयं तपस्वी भगवान्स्वाध्यायनियतो द्विजः ।
यद्यद्ब्रूयान्महातेजास्तत्तद्देयममत्सरात् ॥१५॥

15. ayaṁ tapasvī bhagavānsvādhyāyaniyato dvijaḥ ,
yadyadbrūyānmahātejāstattaddeyamamatsarāt.

15. ayam tapasvī bhagavān svādhyāya-niyataḥ dvijaḥ
yat yat brūyāt mahā-tejāḥ tat tat deyam amatsarāt

15. Whatever that greatly radiant one, this venerable ascetic (tapasvī), a Brahmin (dvija) devoted to self-study, may say, that should be given without envy.

Words meanings summery:

• अयम् (ayam) - this, he

• तपस्वी (tapasvī) - ascetic, devout person, penitent

• भगवान् (bhagavān) - venerable, glorious, divine, lord

• स्वाध्याय-नियतः (svādhyāya-niyataḥ) - devoted to self-study, dedicated to one's own scriptural study

• द्विजः (dvijaḥ) - Brahmin, twice-born

• यत् (yat) - whatever, which

• यत् (yat) - whatever, which (emphatic repetition)

• ब्रूयात् (brūyāt) - may he say, should he say

• महा-तेजाः (mahā-tejāḥ) - greatly radiant, very powerful, of great splendor

• तत् (tat) - that, therefore

• तत् (tat) - that, therefore (emphatic repetition)

• देयम् (deyam) - to be given, fit to be given

• अमत्सरात् (amatsarāt) - without envy, without jealousy, ungrudgingly

Words meanings and morphology

अयम् (ayam) - this, he

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of idam

idam - this

तपस्वी (tapasvī) - ascetic, devout person, penitent

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of tapasvin

tapasvin - ascetic, devotee, practicing penance

Derived from tapas with suffix -vin.

भगवान् (bhagavān) - venerable, glorious, divine, lord

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of bhagavat

bhagavat - fortunate, glorious, venerable, divine

स्वाध्याय-नियतः (svādhyāya-niyataḥ) - devoted to self-study, dedicated to one's own scriptural study

(compound)

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (svādhyāya+niyata)

• svādhyāya – self-study, recitation of Vedic texts
  noun (masculine)
• niyata – restrained, controlled, disciplined, devoted
  adjective (masculine)
  Past Passive Participle
  Past Passive Participle of root yam (to restrain) with prefix ni.
  Prefix: ni
  Root: yam (class 1)

द्विजः (dvijaḥ) - Brahmin, twice-born

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of dvija

dvija - twice-born (Brahmin, Kshatriya, Vaishya), bird, tooth

Compound 'dvi-ja' meaning 'twice-born'.

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (dvi+ja)

• dvi – two
  numeral
• ja – born, produced from
  suffix/adjective
  From root jan (to be born).
  Root: jan (class 4)

यत् (yat) - whatever, which

(pronoun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of yad

yad - which, what, whatever

यत् (yat) - whatever, which (emphatic repetition)

(pronoun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of yad

yad - which, what, whatever

Note: Repetition emphasizes 'whatever'.

ब्रूयात् (brūyāt) - may he say, should he say

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, optative (liṅ) of brū

optative active

Optative active, 3rd person singular.

Root: brū (class 2)

महा-तेजाः (mahā-tejāḥ) - greatly radiant, very powerful, of great splendor

(compound)

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (mahā+tejas)

• mahā – great, large, mighty
  adjective
• tejas – radiance, splendor, power, energy
  noun (neuter)

तत् (tat) - that, therefore

(pronoun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

तत् (tat) - that, therefore (emphatic repetition)

(pronoun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

Note: Repetition emphasizes 'that very thing'.

देयम् (deyam) - to be given, fit to be given

(adjective)

Nominative, neuter, singular of deya

deya - to be given, worthy of being given

Gerundive

Gerundive (karmaṇi kṛtya) from root dā.

Root: dā (class 3)

अमत्सरात् (amatsarāt) - without envy, without jealousy, ungrudgingly

(adjective)

Ablative, masculine, singular of amatsara

amatsara - without envy, ungrudging

Negative compound (nañ-tatpuruṣa) with matsara.

Compound type : nañ-tatpuruṣa (a+matsara)

• a – not, non-
  prefix
• matsara – envy, jealousy, avarice
  noun (masculine)

Note: Used adverbially here, meaning 'from being without envy' or 'without envy'.