महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-3, chapter-229, verse-21

तेन तत्संवृतं दृष्ट्वा ते राजपरिचारकाः ।
प्रतिजग्मुस्ततो राजन्यत्र दुर्योधनो नृपः ॥२१॥

21. tena tatsaṁvṛtaṁ dṛṣṭvā te rājaparicārakāḥ ,
pratijagmustato rājanyatra duryodhano nṛpaḥ.

21. tena tat saṃvṛtam dṛṣṭvā te rājaparicārakāḥ
pratijagmuḥ tataḥ rājan yatra duryodhanaḥ nṛpaḥ

21. O king, upon seeing that lake occupied by him (the Gandharva king), those royal attendants returned from there to where King Duryodhana was.

Words meanings summery:

• तेन (tena) - by the Gandharva king (by him, by that)

• तत् (tat) - that lake (that, it)

• संवृतम् (saṁvṛtam) - covered, surrounded, occupied

• दृष्ट्वा (dṛṣṭvā) - having seen, having perceived

• ते (te) - those royal attendants (those)

• राजपरिचारकाः (rājaparicārakāḥ) - royal attendants, king's servants

• प्रतिजग्मुः (pratijagmuḥ) - they returned, they went back

• ततः (tataḥ) - thence, from there, then

• राजन् (rājan) - O king

• यत्र (yatra) - where, in which place

• दुर्योधनः (duryodhanaḥ) - Duryodhana (a proper name)

• नृपः (nṛpaḥ) - king, monarch

Words meanings and morphology

तेन (tena) - by the Gandharva king (by him, by that)

(pronoun)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

तत् (tat) - that lake (that, it)

(pronoun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

संवृतम् (saṁvṛtam) - covered, surrounded, occupied

(adjective)

Accusative, neuter, singular of saṃvṛta

saṁvṛta - covered, surrounded, occupied

Past Passive Participle

From root vṛ (to cover) with prefix sam

Prefix: sam

Root: vṛ (class 5)

दृष्ट्वा (dṛṣṭvā) - having seen, having perceived

(indeclinable)

Absolutive (Gerund)

Formed from root dṛś with suffix -tvā

Root: dṛś (class 1)

ते (te) - those royal attendants (those)

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

राजपरिचारकाः (rājaparicārakāḥ) - royal attendants, king's servants

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of rājaparicāraka

rājaparicāraka - royal attendant, king's servant

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (rājan+paricāraka)

• rājan – king, sovereign
  noun (masculine)
• paricāraka – attendant, servant
  noun (masculine)
  Prefix: pari
  Root: car (class 1)

प्रतिजग्मुः (pratijagmuḥ) - they returned, they went back

(verb)

3rd person , plural, active, perfect (lit) of gam

Perfect Tense

3rd person plural, Perfect active

Prefix: prati

Root: gam (class 1)

ततः (tataḥ) - thence, from there, then

(indeclinable)

राजन् (rājan) - O king

(noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of rājan

rājan - king, sovereign

यत्र (yatra) - where, in which place

(indeclinable)

दुर्योधनः (duryodhanaḥ) - Duryodhana (a proper name)

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of duryodhana

duryodhana - Duryodhana (eldest son of Dhritarashtra in Mahabharata)

नृपः (nṛpaḥ) - king, monarch

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of nṛpa

nṛpa - king, monarch (lit. 'protector of men')