महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-3, chapter-229, verse-1

वैशंपायन उवाच ।
अथ दुर्योधनो राजा तत्र तत्र वने वसन् ।
जगाम घोषानभितस्तत्र चक्रे निवेशनम् ॥१॥

1. vaiśaṁpāyana uvāca ,
atha duryodhano rājā tatra tatra vane vasan ,
jagāma ghoṣānabhitastatra cakre niveśanam.

1. vaiśaṃpāyanaḥ uvāca atha duryodhanaḥ rājā tatra tatra
vane vasan jagāma ghoṣān abhitaḥ tatra cakre niveśanam

1. Vaiśampāyana said: Then King Duryodhana, while residing here and there in the forest, went to the vicinity of the cowherd settlements (ghoṣa). There he established an encampment.

Words meanings summery:

• वैशंपायनः (vaiśaṁpāyanaḥ) - Vaiśampāyana (proper noun)

• उवाच (uvāca) - said, spoke

• अथ (atha) - then, now, moreover

• दुर्योधनः (duryodhanaḥ) - Duryodhana (proper noun)

• राजा (rājā) - king

• तत्र (tatra) - there, in that place

• तत्र (tatra) - there, in that place (repetition implies 'here and there')

• वने (vane) - in the forest

• वसन् (vasan) - dwelling, residing, living

• जगाम (jagāma) - went, proceeded, approached

• घोषान् (ghoṣān) - to the cowherd settlements

• अभितः (abhitaḥ) - near, around, to the vicinity of

• तत्र (tatra) - at the cowherd settlements (there, in that place (referring to the vicinity of the settlements))

• चक्रे (cakre) - he made, he did, he performed

• निवेशनम् (niveśanam) - an encampment, a settlement, a dwelling

Words meanings and morphology

वैशंपायनः (vaiśaṁpāyanaḥ) - Vaiśampāyana (proper noun)

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of vaiśaṃpāyana

vaiśaṁpāyana - Vaiśampāyana (a sage, disciple of Vyāsa and narrator of the Mahābhārata)

उवाच (uvāca) - said, spoke

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, perfect (liṭ) of vac

Root: vac (class 2)

अथ (atha) - then, now, moreover

(indeclinable)

दुर्योधनः (duryodhanaḥ) - Duryodhana (proper noun)

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of duryodhana

duryodhana - Duryodhana (the eldest of the Kauravas, son of Dhṛtarāṣṭra)

राजा (rājā) - king

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of rājan

rājan - king, ruler, sovereign

तत्र (tatra) - there, in that place

(indeclinable)

तत्र (tatra) - there, in that place (repetition implies 'here and there')

(indeclinable)

Note: Repetition of 'tatra' often signifies 'here and there' or 'in various places'.

वने (vane) - in the forest

(noun)

Locative, neuter, singular of vana

vana - forest, wood, grove, thicket

वसन् (vasan) - dwelling, residing, living

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of vasat

vasat - dwelling, residing, existing, living

Present Active Participle

From the root 'vas' (to dwell) with the 'śatṛ' (at) suffix.

Root: vas (class 1)

Note: Modifies 'Duryodhanaḥ rājā'.

जगाम (jagāma) - went, proceeded, approached

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, perfect (liṭ) of gam

Root: gam (class 1)

घोषान् (ghoṣān) - to the cowherd settlements

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, plural of ghoṣa

ghoṣa - cowherd settlement, village of herdsmen, sound, noise

अभितः (abhitaḥ) - near, around, to the vicinity of

(indeclinable)

Formed from the prefix 'abhi-' with the 'tas' suffix.

तत्र (tatra) - at the cowherd settlements (there, in that place (referring to the vicinity of the settlements))

(indeclinable)

चक्रे (cakre) - he made, he did, he performed

(verb)

3rd person , singular, middle, perfect (liṭ) of kṛ

Root: kṛ (class 8)

निवेशनम् (niveśanam) - an encampment, a settlement, a dwelling

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of niveśana

niveśana - encampment, dwelling, settlement, entrance

From the root 'viś' (to enter) with the prefix 'ni-' and the 'lyuṭ' (ana) suffix.

Prefix: ni

Root: viś (class 6)