महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-3, chapter-229, verse-14

यदृच्छया च तदहो धर्मपुत्रो युधिष्ठिरः ।
ईजे राजर्षियज्ञेन सद्यस्केन विशां पते ।
दिव्येन विधिना राजा वन्येन कुरुसत्तमः ॥१४॥

14. yadṛcchayā ca tadaho dharmaputro yudhiṣṭhiraḥ ,
īje rājarṣiyajñena sadyaskena viśāṁ pate ,
divyena vidhinā rājā vanyena kurusattamaḥ.

14. yadṛcchayā ca tat ahaḥ dharmaputraḥ
yudhiṣṭhiraḥ īje rājarṣiyajñena
sadyaskena viśām pate divyena
vidhinā rājā vanyena kurusattamaḥ

14. viśām pate,
kurusattamaḥ rājā dharmaputraḥ yudhiṣṭhiraḥ ca tat ahaḥ yadṛcchayā divyena vanyena vidhinā sadyaskena rājarṣiyajñena īje.

14. O lord of the people, O best among the Kurus, on that day, King Yudhiṣṭhira, the son of Dharma (dharma), by chance, performed a Vedic ritual (yajña) for royal sages, which was immediately effective, utilizing divine methods and resources from the forest.

Words meanings summery:

• यदृच्छया (yadṛcchayā) - by chance, spontaneously, accidentally

• च (ca) - and, also, moreover

• तत् (tat) - Referring to 'that' particular time or occasion. (that, then)

• अहः (ahaḥ) - On that particular day, at that time. (day)

• धर्मपुत्रः (dharmaputraḥ) - Yudhiṣṭhira, who is famously known as the son of Dharma (dharma). (son of Dharma)

• युधिष्ठिरः (yudhiṣṭhiraḥ) - Yudhiṣṭhira (name of the eldest Pāṇḍava)

• ईजे (īje) - Performed the described yajña. (he worshipped, he performed a Vedic ritual)

• राजर्षियज्ञेन (rājarṣiyajñena) - A Vedic ritual (yajña) of a specific type, suitable for or performed by royal sages (rājarṣi). (by a Vedic ritual for royal sages)

• सद्यस्केन (sadyaskena) - The Vedic ritual (yajña) was of the type that yielded immediate results or was performed promptly. (by that which is immediately effective, by that which is done immediately)

• विशाम् (viśām) - of the people, of the subjects

• पते (pate) - Vocative form addressing the interlocutor. (O lord, O master)

• दिव्येन (divyena) - The method (vidhinā) was divine in nature. (by divine, by heavenly)

• विधिना (vidhinā) - The specific prescribed manner of performing the Vedic ritual (yajña). (by method, by rule, by ritual)

• राजा (rājā) - Referring to Yudhiṣṭhira. (king)

• वन्येन (vanyena) - Using resources found in the forest for the ritual. (by forest-dwelling, by forest (resources))

• कुरुसत्तमः (kurusattamaḥ) - Vocative form addressing the interlocutor. (O best of the Kurus)

Words meanings and morphology

यदृच्छया (yadṛcchayā) - by chance, spontaneously, accidentally

(noun)

Instrumental, feminine, singular of yadṛcchā

yadṛcchā - chance, spontaneity, accident, free will

From yad (what, which) + ṛcchā (wish, desire). Literally 'what one wishes'.

च (ca) - and, also, moreover

(indeclinable)

तत् (tat) - Referring to 'that' particular time or occasion. (that, then)

(pronoun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

Note: Often used adverbially in combination, e.g., 'then'.

अहः (ahaḥ) - On that particular day, at that time. (day)

(noun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of ahan

ahan - day

Note: Used adverbially as 'on that day'.

धर्मपुत्रः (dharmaputraḥ) - Yudhiṣṭhira, who is famously known as the son of Dharma (dharma). (son of Dharma)

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of dharmaputra

dharmaputra - son of Dharma, Yudhiṣṭhira

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (dharma+putra)

• dharma – natural law, constitution, intrinsic nature, righteousness, duty
  noun (masculine)
• putra – son
  noun (masculine)

Note: A descriptive epithet for Yudhiṣṭhira.

युधिष्ठिरः (yudhiṣṭhiraḥ) - Yudhiṣṭhira (name of the eldest Pāṇḍava)

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of yudhiṣṭhira

yudhiṣṭhira - Yudhiṣṭhira (lit. 'steady in battle')

ईजे (īje) - Performed the described yajña. (he worshipped, he performed a Vedic ritual)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, middle, perfect (liṭ) of yaj

Root: yaj (class 1)

Note: Perfect tense form.

राजर्षियज्ञेन (rājarṣiyajñena) - A Vedic ritual (yajña) of a specific type, suitable for or performed by royal sages (rājarṣi). (by a Vedic ritual for royal sages)

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of rājarṣiyajña

rājarṣiyajña - Vedic ritual for royal sages

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (rājarṣi+yajña)

• rājarṣi – royal sage, king who is also a sage
  noun (masculine)
  Compound of rājan (king) and ṛṣi (sage).
• yajña – Vedic ritual, worship, devotion
  noun (masculine)
  Root: yaj (class 1)

Note: Used as an instrumental object specifying the type of ritual.

सद्यस्केन (sadyaskena) - The Vedic ritual (yajña) was of the type that yielded immediate results or was performed promptly. (by that which is immediately effective, by that which is done immediately)

(adjective)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of sadyaska

sadyaska - immediately effective, prompt, instantaneous

From sadyas (immediately) + -ka (suffix).

Note: Qualifies `rājarṣiyajñena`.

विशाम् (viśām) - of the people, of the subjects

(noun)

Genitive, feminine, plural of viś

viś - people, subject, community, settlement

Note: Part of the vocative compound `viśām pate`.

पते (pate) - Vocative form addressing the interlocutor. (O lord, O master)

(noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of pati

pati - lord, master, husband, owner

Note: Used in compound vocative `viśām pate`.

दिव्येन (divyena) - The method (vidhinā) was divine in nature. (by divine, by heavenly)

(adjective)

Instrumental, neuter, singular of divya

divya - divine, heavenly, celestial

Note: Qualifies `vidhinā`.

विधिना (vidhinā) - The specific prescribed manner of performing the Vedic ritual (yajña). (by method, by rule, by ritual)

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of vidhi

vidhi - rule, method, ordinance, injunction, rite

Note: Specifies the means or manner of the ritual.

राजा (rājā) - Referring to Yudhiṣṭhira. (king)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of rājan

rājan - king, ruler

Note: Appositive to Yudhiṣṭhiraḥ.

वन्येन (vanyena) - Using resources found in the forest for the ritual. (by forest-dwelling, by forest (resources))

(adjective)

Instrumental, neuter, singular of vanya

vanya - belonging to the forest, produced in the forest, forest-dwelling

From vana (forest) + ya (suffix).

Note: Qualifies `vidhinā`, implying `vanyena dravyena vidhinā` (by a method using forest material).

कुरुसत्तमः (kurusattamaḥ) - Vocative form addressing the interlocutor. (O best of the Kurus)

(noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of kurusattama

kurusattama - best among the Kurus

Superlative compound.

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (kuru+sattama)

• kuru – a member of the Kuru dynasty, the Kuru country
  noun (masculine)
• sattama – best, excellent, most eminent
  adjective (masculine)
  Superlative of sat (good, excellent).

Note: A common address in the Mahabharata.