महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-3, chapter-229, verse-8

ततो गोपाः प्रगातारः कुशला नृत्तवादिते ।
धार्तराष्ट्रमुपातिष्ठन्कन्याश्चैव स्वलंकृताः ॥८॥

8. tato gopāḥ pragātāraḥ kuśalā nṛttavādite ,
dhārtarāṣṭramupātiṣṭhankanyāścaiva svalaṁkṛtāḥ.

8. tataḥ gopāḥ pragātāraḥ kuśalāḥ nṛttavādite
dhārtarāṣṭram upātiṣṭhan kanyāḥ ca eva svalaṅkṛtāḥ

8. Then, cowherds, skilled singers, and those proficient in dance and music, along with well-adorned maidens, attended upon Dhṛtarāṣṭra.

Words meanings summery:

• ततः (tataḥ) - then (then, thence, afterwards)

• गोपाः (gopāḥ) - cowherds (cowherds, protectors of cows)

• प्रगातारः (pragātāraḥ) - singers (singers, chanters)

• कुशलाः (kuśalāḥ) - skilled, proficient (skilled, expert, proficient, well)

• नृत्तवादिते (nṛttavādite) - in dance and music (in dance and music/playing instruments)

• धार्तराष्ट्रम् (dhārtarāṣṭram) - Dhṛtarāṣṭra (the king) (Dhṛtarāṣṭra (son of Dhṛtarāṣṭra) or Dhṛtarāṣṭra himself.)

• उपातिष्ठन् (upātiṣṭhan) - they attended upon (they approached, attended upon, stood near)

• कन्याः (kanyāḥ) - maidens (maidens, girls)

• च (ca) - and

• एव (eva) - indeed (emphasizing) (indeed, only, just)

• स्वलङ्कृताः (svalaṅkṛtāḥ) - well-adorned (well-adorned, beautifully decorated)

Words meanings and morphology

ततः (tataḥ) - then (then, thence, afterwards)

(indeclinable)

Formed from `tad` with `tasIl` suffix.

गोपाः (gopāḥ) - cowherds (cowherds, protectors of cows)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of gopa

gopa - cowherd, protector of cows

From `go` (cow) + root `pā` (to protect).

Root: pā (class 2)

प्रगातारः (pragātāraḥ) - singers (singers, chanters)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of pragātṛ

pragātṛ - singer, chanter

Agent noun

Formed from prefix `pra` + root `gai` (to sing) + `tṛC` suffix.

Prefix: pra

Root: gai (class 1)

कुशलाः (kuśalāḥ) - skilled, proficient (skilled, expert, proficient, well)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of kuśala

kuśala - skilled, expert, proficient, well

Note: Qualifies both `gopāḥ` and `pragātāraḥ`.

नृत्तवादिते (nṛttavādite) - in dance and music (in dance and music/playing instruments)

(noun)

Locative, neuter, singular of nṛttavādita

nṛttavādita - dance and music/playing instruments

Compound of `nṛtta` (dance) and `vādita` (playing instruments, music).

Compound type : dvandva (nṛtta+vādita)

• nṛtta – dance, dancing
  noun (neuter)
  Past Passive Participle (from `nṛt`)
  From root `nṛt` (to dance).
  Root: nṛt (class 4)
• vādita – music, playing of instruments
  noun (neuter)
  Past Passive Participle (from `vad`)
  From root `vad` (to speak, play instruments).
  Root: vad (class 1)

Note: Compound expressing 'dance and playing of instruments'.

धार्तराष्ट्रम् (dhārtarāṣṭram) - Dhṛtarāṣṭra (the king) (Dhṛtarāṣṭra (son of Dhṛtarāṣṭra) or Dhṛtarāṣṭra himself.)

(proper noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of dhārtarāṣṭra

dhārtarāṣṭra - son of Dhṛtarāṣṭra, or Dhṛtarāṣṭra himself (when referred to by lineage)

Patronymic from `dhṛtarāṣṭra`.

Note: Object of `upātiṣṭhan`.

उपातिष्ठन् (upātiṣṭhan) - they attended upon (they approached, attended upon, stood near)

(verb)

3rd person , plural, active, imperfect (laṅ) of sthā

Imperfect active, 3rd plural

From root `sthā` with prefix `upa-ā`.

Prefixes: upa+ā

Root: sthā (class 1)

कन्याः (kanyāḥ) - maidens (maidens, girls)

(noun)

Nominative, feminine, plural of kanyā

kanyā - maiden, girl, daughter

Note: Subject of `upātiṣṭhan`.

च (ca) - and

(indeclinable)

एव (eva) - indeed (emphasizing) (indeed, only, just)

(indeclinable)

Emphatic particle.

स्वलङ्कृताः (svalaṅkṛtāḥ) - well-adorned (well-adorned, beautifully decorated)

(adjective)

Nominative, feminine, plural of svalaṅkṛta

svalaṅkṛta - well-adorned, beautifully decorated

Past Passive Participle

Compound of `su` (well) + `alaṅkṛta` (adorned). From `alam` + `kṛ` with `kta` suffix.

Compound type : karmadhāraya (su+alaṅkṛta)

• su – good, well, excellent
  indeclinable
  Adverbial prefix.
• alaṅkṛta – adorned, decorated
  adjective (feminine)
  Past Passive Participle
  From prefix `alam` + root `kṛ` (to make/do).
  Prefix: alam
  Root: kṛ (class 8)