महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-3, chapter-20, verse-15

तानप्राप्ताञ्शितैर्बाणैश्चिच्छेद परवीरहा ।
रौक्मिणेयः स्मितं कृत्वा दर्शयन्हस्तलाघवम् ॥१५॥

15. tānaprāptāñśitairbāṇaiściccheda paravīrahā ,
raukmiṇeyaḥ smitaṁ kṛtvā darśayanhastalāghavam.

15. tān aprāptān śitaiḥ bāṇaiḥ ciccheda paravīrahā
raukmiṇeyaḥ smitam kṛtvā darśayan hastalāghavam

15. The son of Rukmiṇī (Raukmiṇeya), the slayer of enemy heroes, smiling and demonstrating his swiftness of hand, severed those arrows with his own sharp arrows before they could reach him.

Words meanings summery:

• तान् (tān) - those

• अप्राप्तान् (aprāptān) - before they reached (Pradyumna) (unreached, not arrived, before reaching)

• शितैः (śitaiḥ) - with sharp, with whetted

• बाणैः (bāṇaiḥ) - with Pradyumna's arrows (with arrows)

• चिच्छेद (ciccheda) - he cut off, severed

• परवीरहा (paravīrahā) - Pradyumna, the slayer of enemy heroes (slayer of enemy heroes)

• रौक्मिणेयः (raukmiṇeyaḥ) - Pradyumna, the son of Rukmiṇī (son of Rukmiṇī)

• स्मितम् (smitam) - a smile

• कृत्वा (kṛtvā) - having made, having done

• दर्शयन् (darśayan) - showing, displaying

• हस्तलाघवम् (hastalāghavam) - swiftness of hand, dexterity

Words meanings and morphology

तान् (tān) - those

(pronoun)

Accusative, masculine, plural of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

Note: Refers to the arrows discharged by Saubharaṭ.

अप्राप्तान् (aprāptān) - before they reached (Pradyumna) (unreached, not arrived, before reaching)

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, plural of aprāpta

aprāpta - unreached, not obtained, unattained

Past Passive Participle

Derived from √āp 'to obtain, reach' with prefix pra and negative a-

Compound type : tatpurusha (a+prāpta)

• a – not, un-
  indeclinable
• prāpta – reached, obtained
  past passive participle
  Past Passive Participle
  Derived from √āp 'to obtain, reach' with prefix pra
  Prefix: pra
  Root: āp (class 5)

Note: Agrees with 'tān' (arrows).

शितैः (śitaiḥ) - with sharp, with whetted

(adjective)

Instrumental, masculine, plural of śita

śita - sharp, keen, whetted, made sharp

Past Passive Participle

Derived from √śā 'to sharpen'

Root: śā (class 2)

Note: Agrees with 'bāṇaiḥ'.

बाणैः (bāṇaiḥ) - with Pradyumna's arrows (with arrows)

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, plural of bāṇa

bāṇa - arrow

चिच्छेद (ciccheda) - he cut off, severed

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, perfect (lit) of chid

Perfect tense, 3rd person singular, reduplicated form

Root: chid (class 7)

परवीरहा (paravīrahā) - Pradyumna, the slayer of enemy heroes (slayer of enemy heroes)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of paravīrahan

paravīrahan - slayer of enemy heroes

Compound type : tatpurusha (para+vīra+han)

• para – other, enemy, hostile
  adjective
• vīra – hero, brave man
  noun (masculine)
• han – slayer, killer
  noun (masculine)
  Derived from √han 'to strike, kill'
  Root: han (class 2)

Note: Agrees with 'raukmiṇeyaḥ'.

रौक्मिणेयः (raukmiṇeyaḥ) - Pradyumna, the son of Rukmiṇī (son of Rukmiṇī)

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of raukmiṇeya

raukmiṇeya - son of Rukmiṇī (a patronymic)

Patronymic derived from Rukmiṇī

स्मितम् (smitam) - a smile

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of smita

smita - smile, smiling (as a noun), smiled (as PPP)

Root: smi (class 1)

कृत्वा (kṛtvā) - having made, having done

(indeclinable)

Absolutive (Gerund)

Derived from √kṛ with suffix -tvā

Root: kṛ (class 8)

दर्शयन् (darśayan) - showing, displaying

(present active participle)

Note: Agrees with 'raukmiṇeyaḥ'.

हस्तलाघवम् (hastalāghavam) - swiftness of hand, dexterity

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of hastalāghava

hastalāghava - dexterity, lightness of hand, quickness of hand

Compound type : tatpurusha (hasta+lāghava)

• hasta – hand
  noun (masculine)
• lāghava – lightness, quickness, dexterity, skill
  noun (neuter)