महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-3, chapter-20, verse-1

वासुदेव उवाच ।
एवमुक्तस्तु कौन्तेय सूतपुत्रस्तदा मृधे ।
प्रद्युम्नमब्रवीच्छ्लक्ष्णं मधुरं वाक्यमञ्जसा ॥१॥

1. vāsudeva uvāca ,
evamuktastu kaunteya sūtaputrastadā mṛdhe ,
pradyumnamabravīcchlakṣṇaṁ madhuraṁ vākyamañjasā.

1. vāsudevaḥ uvāca evam uktaḥ tu kaunteya sūtaputraḥ tadā
mṛdhe pradyumnam abravīt ślakṣṇam madhuram vākyam añjasā

1. Vāsudeva said: 'O son of Kunti (Arjuna), the son of Suta, having been thus addressed [by Pradyumna], then in battle spoke gentle, sweet words directly to Pradyumna.'

Words meanings summery:

• वासुदेवः (vāsudevaḥ) - Vāsudeva (a name of Krishna)

• उवाच (uvāca) - he said, he spoke

• एवम् (evam) - thus, in this manner, so

• उक्तः (uktaḥ) - spoken, addressed, said

• तु (tu) - but, indeed, however, then

• कौन्तेय (kaunteya) - O Arjuna (O son of Kunti)

• सूतपुत्रः (sūtaputraḥ) - Dāruka (the son of Suta, the charioteer's son)

• तदा (tadā) - then, at that time

• मृधे (mṛdhe) - in battle, in combat

• प्रद्युम्नम् (pradyumnam) - Pradyumna (proper noun)

• अब्रवीत् (abravīt) - he said, he spoke

• श्लक्ष्णम् (ślakṣṇam) - gentle, smooth, polite

• मधुरम् (madhuram) - sweet, pleasant, delightful

• वाक्यम् (vākyam) - words, speech, statement

• अञ्जसा (añjasā) - quickly, truly, directly, properly

Words meanings and morphology

वासुदेवः (vāsudevaḥ) - Vāsudeva (a name of Krishna)

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of vāsudeva

vāsudeva - son of Vasudeva, Krishna

Patronymic of Vasudeva.

Note: Subject of 'uvāca'.

उवाच (uvāca) - he said, he spoke

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, perfect (liṭ) of vac

Perfect Active

Formed from root vac (to speak).

Root: vac (class 2)

एवम् (evam) - thus, in this manner, so

(indeclinable)

उक्तः (uktaḥ) - spoken, addressed, said

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of ukta

ukta - spoken, said, addressed

Past Passive Participle

Derived from root vac (to speak) with suffix -ta. Used here as masculine nominative singular, referring to 'sūtaputraḥ'.

Root: vac (class 2)

Note: Qualifies 'sūtaputraḥ'.

तु (tu) - but, indeed, however, then

(indeclinable)

Conjunction/particle.

कौन्तेय (kaunteya) - O Arjuna (O son of Kunti)

(proper noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of kaunteya

kaunteya - son of Kunti (mother of Pandavas)

Patronymic of Kunti.

सूतपुत्रः (sūtaputraḥ) - Dāruka (the son of Suta, the charioteer's son)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of sūtaputra

sūtaputra - son of a charioteer (sūta)

Compound sūta + putra.

Compound type : tatpurusha (sūta+putra)

• sūta – charioteer, bard
  noun (masculine)
• putra – son, child
  noun (masculine)

तदा (tadā) - then, at that time

(indeclinable)

Derived from 'tad' (that) + -dā (time suffix).

मृधे (mṛdhe) - in battle, in combat

(noun)

Locative, feminine, singular of mṛdh

mṛdh - battle, combat, war

Root: mṛdh

प्रद्युम्नम् (pradyumnam) - Pradyumna (proper noun)

(proper noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of pradyumna

pradyumna - Pradyumna (son of Krishna)

अब्रवीत् (abravīt) - he said, he spoke

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, past imperfect (laṅ) of vac

Imperfect Active

Formed from root vac (to speak) with augment 'a-' and imperfect ending.

Root: vac (class 2)

श्लक्ष्णम् (ślakṣṇam) - gentle, smooth, polite

(adjective)

Accusative, neuter, singular of ślakṣṇa

ślakṣṇa - smooth, gentle, polite, soft

Root: ślakṣ

Note: Qualifies 'vākyam'.

मधुरम् (madhuram) - sweet, pleasant, delightful

(adjective)

Accusative, neuter, singular of madhura

madhura - sweet, pleasant, delightful, charming

Root: madh

Note: Qualifies 'vākyam'.

वाक्यम् (vākyam) - words, speech, statement

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of vākya

vākya - words, speech, statement, sentence

Derived from vac (to speak) + -ya.

Root: vac (class 2)

अञ्जसा (añjasā) - quickly, truly, directly, properly

(indeclinable)

Instrumental singular of añjasa (truth, quickness), used adverbially.

Root: añj (class 7)

Note: Adverb modifying 'abravīt'.