महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-3, chapter-177, verse-6

सर्प उवाच ।
नहुषो नाम राजाहमासं पूर्वस्तवानघ ।
प्रथितः पञ्चमः सोमादायोः पुत्रो नराधिप ॥६॥

6. sarpa uvāca ,
nahuṣo nāma rājāhamāsaṁ pūrvastavānagha ,
prathitaḥ pañcamaḥ somādāyoḥ putro narādhipa.

6. sarpaḥ uvāca | nahuṣaḥ nāma rājā aham āsam pūrvaḥ tava
anagha | prathitaḥ pañcamaḥ somāt āyoḥ putraḥ narādhipa

6. The serpent said: "O sinless one (anagha), I was a king named Nahuṣa, your ancestor (pūrva). I was renowned as the fifth (descendant) from Soma, and the son of Āyus, O lord of men (narādhipa)."

Words meanings summery:

• सर्पः (sarpaḥ) - the serpent

• उवाच (uvāca) - said, spoke

• नहुषः (nahuṣaḥ) - Nahuṣa (proper noun)

• नाम (nāma) - named, by name

• राजा (rājā) - king

• अहम् (aham) - I

• आसम् (āsam) - I was

• पूर्वः (pūrvaḥ) - former, ancient, ancestor

• तव (tava) - your

• अनघ (anagha) - Addressed to Yudhiṣṭhira. (O sinless one)

• प्रथितः (prathitaḥ) - famous, renowned

• पञ्चमः (pañcamaḥ) - fifth

• सोमात् (somāt) - Referring to Soma, the Moon deity and ancestor. (from Soma)

• आयोः (āyoḥ) - Āyus, son of Soma, and father of Nahuṣa. (of Āyus)

• पुत्रः (putraḥ) - son

• नराधिप (narādhipa) - Addressed to Yudhiṣṭhira. (O lord of men)

Words meanings and morphology

सर्पः (sarpaḥ) - the serpent

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of sarpa

sarpa - serpent, snake

Root: sṛp (class 1)

उवाच (uvāca) - said, spoke

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, perfect (liṭ) of vac

Perfect Active

Perfect 3rd singular active of vac

Root: vac (class 2)

नहुषः (nahuṣaḥ) - Nahuṣa (proper noun)

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of nahuṣa

nahuṣa - Nahuṣa (a mythical king, ancestor of the Pūru dynasty)

नाम (nāma) - named, by name

(indeclinable)

Note: Can also be a noun.

राजा (rājā) - king

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of rājan

rājan - king, ruler

Root: rāj (class 1)

अहम् (aham) - I

(pronoun)

Nominative, singular of aham

aham - I

आसम् (āsam) - I was

(verb)

1st person , singular, active, past imperfect (laṅ) of as

Imperfect Active

Imperfect 1st singular active of as

Root: as (class 2)

पूर्वः (pūrvaḥ) - former, ancient, ancestor

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of pūrva

pūrva - former, preceding, prior, ancestor

Note: Qualifies "aham" (Nahuṣa) and refers to him being an ancestor of Yudhiṣṭhira.

तव (tava) - your

(pronoun)

Genitive, singular of tvad

tvad - you

अनघ (anagha) - Addressed to Yudhiṣṭhira. (O sinless one)

(adjective)

Vocative, masculine, singular of anagha

anagha - sinless, faultless, pure

Negative prefix an- + agha (sin)

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (an+agha)

• an – not, without
  indeclinable
  Negative prefix.
• agha – sin, evil, fault
  noun (neuter)

Note: Addressed to Yudhiṣṭhira.

प्रथितः (prathitaḥ) - famous, renowned

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of prathita

prathita - famed, celebrated, known

Past Passive Participle

Past passive participle of root prath

Root: prath (class 1)

Note: Qualifies "aham" (Nahuṣa).

पञ्चमः (pañcamaḥ) - fifth

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of pañcama

pañcama - fifth

Note: Qualifies "aham" (Nahuṣa).

सोमात् (somāt) - Referring to Soma, the Moon deity and ancestor. (from Soma)

(proper noun)

Ablative, masculine, singular of soma

soma - Soma (name of the Moon deity, also a plant and its juice)

Note: Indicates origin in lineage.

आयोः (āyoḥ) - Āyus, son of Soma, and father of Nahuṣa. (of Āyus)

(proper noun)

Genitive, masculine, singular of āyu

āyu - Āyu (a mythical king, son of Soma)

Note: Āyoḥ can be genitive or ablative singular. Here genitive, 'son of Āyu'.

पुत्रः (putraḥ) - son

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of putra

putra - son, child

Note: Qualifies "aham" (Nahuṣa).

नराधिप (narādhipa) - Addressed to Yudhiṣṭhira. (O lord of men)

(noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of narādhipa

narādhipa - king, lord of men

Compound type : tatpurusha (nara+adhipa)

• nara – man, human being
  noun (masculine)
• adhipa – ruler, lord, master
  noun (masculine)
  Root: pā (class 2)

Note: Addressed to Yudhiṣṭhira.