महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-3, chapter-177, verse-21

यत्रैतल्लक्ष्यते सर्प वृत्तं स ब्राह्मणः स्मृतः ।
यत्रैतन्न भवेत्सर्प तं शूद्रमिति निर्दिशेत् ॥२१॥

21. yatraitallakṣyate sarpa vṛttaṁ sa brāhmaṇaḥ smṛtaḥ ,
yatraitanna bhavetsarpa taṁ śūdramiti nirdiśet.

21. yatra etat lakṣyate sarpa vṛttam saḥ brāhmaṇaḥ smṛtaḥ
yatra etat na bhavet sarpa tam śūdram iti nirdiśet

21. O serpent, he in whom this characteristic and good conduct is observed is considered a Brāhmaṇa. O serpent, where this is not present, one should declare him to be a śūdra.

Words meanings summery:

• यत्र (yatra) - where, in which place

• एतत् (etat) - this characteristic [referring to the qualities mentioned in the previous verse] (this)

• लक्ष्यते (lakṣyate) - is observed (is seen, is observed, is indicated)

• सर्प (sarpa) - O serpent (vocative, addressing Nahusha who was transformed into a serpent) (O serpent)

• वृत्तम् (vṛttam) - good conduct (conduct, behavior, occurrence)

• सः (saḥ) - he (referring to the person in whom these qualities are found) (he, that)

• ब्राह्मणः (brāhmaṇaḥ) - a true Brāhmaṇa (by conduct) (a Brāhmaṇa)

• स्मृतः (smṛtaḥ) - is considered, is deemed (remembered, considered, declared)

• यत्र (yatra) - where, in which place

• एतत् (etat) - this

• न (na) - not, no

• भवेत् (bhavet) - would be, might be, should be

• सर्प (sarpa) - O serpent

• तम् (tam) - him (the person lacking the qualities) (him, that)

• शूद्रम् (śūdram) - a śūdra (by lack of conduct) (a śūdra)

• इति (iti) - as such, thus (thus, in this manner, so called)

• निर्दिशेत् (nirdiśet) - one should designate (one should declare, one should designate, one should point out)

Words meanings and morphology

यत्र (yatra) - where, in which place

(indeclinable)

locative adverb from relative pronoun yad

एतत् (etat) - this characteristic [referring to the qualities mentioned in the previous verse] (this)

(pronoun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of etad

etad - this, that

लक्ष्यते (lakṣyate) - is observed (is seen, is observed, is indicated)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, passive, present (lat) of lakṣ

present tense passive voice

3rd person singular present passive of lakṣ (10th class root or derived from 1st class root lakṣ)

Root: lakṣ (class 10)

सर्प (sarpa) - O serpent (vocative, addressing Nahusha who was transformed into a serpent) (O serpent)

(noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of sarpa

sarpa - serpent, snake

Root: sṛp (class 1)

वृत्तम् (vṛttam) - good conduct (conduct, behavior, occurrence)

(noun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of vṛtta

vṛtta - conduct, behavior, happening, story, event

Past Passive Participle

from root vṛt 'to be, to exist, to proceed'

Root: vṛt (class 1)

सः (saḥ) - he (referring to the person in whom these qualities are found) (he, that)

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

ब्राह्मणः (brāhmaṇaḥ) - a true Brāhmaṇa (by conduct) (a Brāhmaṇa)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of brāhmaṇa

brāhmaṇa - a member of the priestly class, a Brāhmaṇa, relating to Brahman

स्मृतः (smṛtaḥ) - is considered, is deemed (remembered, considered, declared)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of smṛta

smṛta - remembered, called, considered, declared

Past Passive Participle

from root smṛ 'to remember'

Root: smṛ (class 1)

यत्र (yatra) - where, in which place

(indeclinable)

locative adverb from relative pronoun yad

एतत् (etat) - this

(pronoun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of etad

etad - this, that

न (na) - not, no

(indeclinable)

भवेत् (bhavet) - would be, might be, should be

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, optative (vidhiliṅ) of bhū

optative mood

3rd person singular optative active of bhū

Root: bhū (class 1)

सर्प (sarpa) - O serpent

(noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of sarpa

sarpa - serpent, snake

Root: sṛp (class 1)

तम् (tam) - him (the person lacking the qualities) (him, that)

(pronoun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

शूद्रम् (śūdram) - a śūdra (by lack of conduct) (a śūdra)

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of śūdra

śūdra - a member of the fourth social class

इति (iti) - as such, thus (thus, in this manner, so called)

(indeclinable)

निर्दिशेत् (nirdiśet) - one should designate (one should declare, one should designate, one should point out)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, optative (vidhiliṅ) of diś

optative mood

3rd person singular optative active of diś (6th class root) with upasarga nir

Prefix: nir

Root: diś (class 6)