महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-3, chapter-177, verse-2

कुन्तीमातः कथमिमामापदं त्वमवाप्तवान् ।
कश्चायं पर्वताभोगप्रतिमः पन्नगोत्तमः ॥२॥

2. kuntīmātaḥ kathamimāmāpadaṁ tvamavāptavān ,
kaścāyaṁ parvatābhogapratimaḥ pannagottamaḥ.

2. kuntīmātaḥ katham imām āpadam tvam avāptavān
kaḥ ca ayam parvatābhogapratimaḥ pannagottamaḥ

2. O son of Kuntī, how did you encounter this misfortune? And who is this excellent serpent, whose immense form resembles a mountain?

Words meanings summery:

• कुन्तीमातः (kuntīmātaḥ) - Yudhiṣṭhira addressing Bhīmasena. (O son of Kuntī (vocative))

• कथम् (katham) - how? why?

• इमाम् (imām) - this

• आपदम् (āpadam) - The situation of being caught by the serpent king. (calamity, misfortune, distress)

• त्वम् (tvam) - Bhīmasena (you)

• अवाप्तवान् (avāptavān) - you obtained, you reached, you suffered

• कः (kaḥ) - who? what?

• च (ca) - and, also

• अयम् (ayam) - this

• पर्वताभोगप्रतिमः (parvatābhogapratimaḥ) - resembling a mountain's circumference/bulk

• पन्नगोत्तमः (pannagottamaḥ) - The serpent king Nahuṣa. (best of serpents, supreme serpent)

Words meanings and morphology

कुन्तीमातः (kuntīmātaḥ) - Yudhiṣṭhira addressing Bhīmasena. (O son of Kuntī (vocative))

(proper noun)

Vocative, feminine, singular of kuntīmātṛ

kuntīmātṛ - mother of Kuntī (literally); idiomatically, 'son of Kuntī' when addressed to Kuntī's son

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (kuntī+mātṛ)

• kuntī – Kuntī (name of the mother of the Pāṇḍavas)
  proper noun (feminine)
• mātṛ – mother
  noun (feminine)

Note: Addressed to Bhīmasena.

कथम् (katham) - how? why?

(indeclinable)

इमाम् (imām) - this

(pronoun)

Accusative, feminine, singular of idam

idam - this

Note: Agrees with āpadam.

आपदम् (āpadam) - The situation of being caught by the serpent king. (calamity, misfortune, distress)

(noun)

Accusative, feminine, singular of āpad

āpad - calamity, misfortune, distress

त्वम् (tvam) - Bhīmasena (you)

(pronoun)

Nominative, singular of yuṣmad

yuṣmad - you (singular)

Note: Refers to Bhīmasena.

अवाप्तवान् (avāptavān) - you obtained, you reached, you suffered

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of avāptavat

avāptavat - having obtained, having reached

Past Active Participle

Derived from prefix ava- + root āp 'to obtain', with suffix -ktavat

Prefix: ava

Root: āp (class 5)

Note: Agrees with tvam.

कः (kaḥ) - who? what?

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of kim

kim - who, what, which

Note: Refers to the serpent.

च (ca) - and, also

(indeclinable)

अयम् (ayam) - this

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of idam

idam - this, he

Note: Refers to the serpent.

पर्वताभोगप्रतिमः (parvatābhogapratimaḥ) - resembling a mountain's circumference/bulk

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of parvatābhogapratima

parvatābhogapratima - resembling a mountain's circumference or vastness

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (parvata+ābhoga+pratima)

• parvata – mountain, hill
  noun (masculine)
• ābhoga – circumference, expansion, bulk, serpentine coil
  noun (masculine)
  Prefix: ā
• pratima – resembling, like, image
  adjective (masculine)

Note: Agrees with pannagottamaḥ and ayam.

पन्नगोत्तमः (pannagottamaḥ) - The serpent king Nahuṣa. (best of serpents, supreme serpent)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of pannagottama

pannagottama - best of serpents, supreme serpent

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (pannaga+uttama)

• pannaga – serpent, snake (lit. going on its belly)
  noun (masculine)
• uttama – best, excellent, supreme
  adjective (masculine)

Note: Refers to the serpent king Nahuṣa.