महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-3, chapter-177, verse-30

वृत्त्या शूद्रसमो ह्येष यावद्वेदे न जायते ।
अस्मिन्नेवं मतिद्वैधे मनुः स्वायम्भुवोऽब्रवीत् ॥३०॥

30. vṛttyā śūdrasamo hyeṣa yāvadvede na jāyate ,
asminnevaṁ matidvaidhe manuḥ svāyambhuvo'bravīt.

30. vṛttyā śūdra-samaḥ hi eṣaḥ yāvat vede na jāyate
asmin evam mati-dvaidhe manuḥ svāyaṃbhuvaḥ abravīt

30. Indeed, by his status, he is equal to a śūdra until he is born into the Veda (i.e., initiated). In this very doubt concerning different opinions (mati-dvaidhe), Svāyambhuva Manu declared (the definitive statement).

Words meanings summery:

• वृत्त्या (vṛttyā) - by his status (by conduct, by livelihood, by nature, by status)

• शूद्र-समः (śūdra-samaḥ) - equal to a śūdra

• हि (hi) - indeed, surely, for

• एषः (eṣaḥ) - this one, he

• यावत् (yāvat) - as long as, until, as much as

• वेदे (vede) - in the Veda, regarding the Veda

• न (na) - not, no

• जायते (jāyate) - is spiritually born (through initiation) (is born, arises)

• अस्मिन् (asmin) - in this

• एवम् (evam) - thus, in this manner

• मति-द्वैधे (mati-dvaidhe) - in this very doubt concerning different opinions (in the difference of opinion, in the doubt)

• मनुः (manuḥ) - Manu (the progenitor of mankind, lawgiver)

• स्वायंभुवः (svāyaṁbhuvaḥ) - self-born, an epithet of Brahmā and Manu

• अब्रवीत् (abravīt) - he spoke, he said, he declared

Words meanings and morphology

वृत्त्या (vṛttyā) - by his status (by conduct, by livelihood, by nature, by status)

(noun)

Instrumental, feminine, singular of vṛtti

vṛtti - conduct, course of action, profession, livelihood, nature, state

From root vṛt (to be, to exist, to turn).

Root: vṛt (class 1)

Note: Indicates the means or manner of being equal.

शूद्र-समः (śūdra-samaḥ) - equal to a śūdra

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of śūdrasama

śūdrasama - equal to a śūdra

Compound of śūdra (a member of the fourth varṇa) and sama (equal).

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (śūdra+sama)

• śūdra – a member of the fourth varṇa (social class), a laborer
  noun (masculine)
• sama – equal, similar, like
  adjective (masculine)

Note: Predicate adjective for 'eṣaḥ'.

हि (hi) - indeed, surely, for

(indeclinable)

Note: Emphatic particle.

एषः (eṣaḥ) - this one, he

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of etad

etad - this, this here

Note: Subject of the sentence.

यावत् (yāvat) - as long as, until, as much as

(indeclinable)

Note: Connects the main clause with a temporal subordinate clause.

वेदे (vede) - in the Veda, regarding the Veda

(noun)

Locative, masculine, singular of veda

veda - Veda (sacred knowledge, scripture)

From root vid (to know).

Root: vid (class 2)

Note: Indicates the sphere of 'birth'.

न (na) - not, no

(indeclinable)

Note: Negates 'jāyate'.

जायते (jāyate) - is spiritually born (through initiation) (is born, arises)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, middle, present indicative (laṭ) of jan

Present Indicative

Third person singular, middle voice (ātmanepada). Root is in the 4th class.

Root: jan (class 4)

अस्मिन् (asmin) - in this

(pronoun)

Locative, masculine/neuter, singular of idam

idam - this, this here

Note: Agrees with 'mati-dvaidhe'.

एवम् (evam) - thus, in this manner

(indeclinable)

Note: Emphasizes 'mati-dvaidhe'.

मति-द्वैधे (mati-dvaidhe) - in this very doubt concerning different opinions (in the difference of opinion, in the doubt)

(noun)

Locative, neuter, singular of matidvaidha

matidvaidha - difference of opinion, doubt, perplexity

Compound of mati (opinion, thought) and dvaidha (duality, doubt).

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (mati+dvaidha)

• mati – thought, opinion, understanding, intention
  noun (feminine)
  From root man (to think).
  Root: man (class 4)
• dvaidha – duality, doubt, perplexity, division
  noun (neuter)
  Derived from dvi (two).

मनुः (manuḥ) - Manu (the progenitor of mankind, lawgiver)

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of manu

manu - Manu (progenitor of mankind, a lawgiver, author of Manusmṛti)

Note: Subject of 'abravīt'.

स्वायंभुवः (svāyaṁbhuvaḥ) - self-born, an epithet of Brahmā and Manu

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of svāyaṃbhuva

svāyaṁbhuva - self-born, self-existent (an epithet of Brahmā, Viṣṇu, Śiva, Manu)

Derived from svayaṃbhū (self-existent).

Note: Agrees with 'manuḥ'.

अब्रवीत् (abravīt) - he spoke, he said, he declared

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, past imperfect (laṅ) of brū

Past Imperfect

Third person singular, parasmāipada. Augment 'a' indicates past tense.

Root: brū (class 2)