महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-2, chapter-54, verse-7

वैशंपायन उवाच ।
एतच्छ्रुत्वा व्यवसितो निकृतिं समुपाश्रितः ।
जितमित्येव शकुनिर्युधिष्ठिरमभाषत ॥७॥

7. vaiśaṁpāyana uvāca ,
etacchrutvā vyavasito nikṛtiṁ samupāśritaḥ ,
jitamityeva śakuniryudhiṣṭhiramabhāṣata.

7. vaiśaṃpāyanaḥ uvāca etat śrutvā vyavasitaḥ nikṛtim
samupāśritaḥ jitam iti eva śakuniḥ yudhiṣṭhiram abhāṣata

7. Vaiśampāyana said: Having heard this, Shakuni, resorting to deceit and resolved, then said to Yudhishthira, 'It is indeed won!'

Words meanings summery:

• वैशंपायनः (vaiśaṁpāyanaḥ) - the narrator of the Mahabharata (Vaiśampāyana (name of a sage))

• उवाच (uvāca) - said, spoke

• एतत् (etat) - what Yudhishthira had just said (this)

• श्रुत्वा (śrutvā) - having heard

• व्यवसितः (vyavasitaḥ) - resolved (to play the dice game to the finish) (determined, resolved)

• निकृतिम् (nikṛtim) - deceit, trickery

• समुपाश्रितः (samupāśritaḥ) - resorted to (his usual) deceit (resorted to, taken refuge in)

• जितम् (jitam) - it (the game) is won (it is won, conquered)

• इति (iti) - marks quoted speech (thus, so)

• एव (eva) - indeed, only, just

• शकुनिः (śakuniḥ) - Shakuni (proper name)

• युधिष्ठिरम् (yudhiṣṭhiram) - Yudhishthira (proper name)

• अभाषत (abhāṣata) - spoke to, addressed

Words meanings and morphology

वैशंपायनः (vaiśaṁpāyanaḥ) - the narrator of the Mahabharata (Vaiśampāyana (name of a sage))

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of vaiśaṃpāyana

vaiśaṁpāyana - Vaiśampāyana

उवाच (uvāca) - said, spoke

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, Past Perfect (liṭ) of vac

Perfect

third person singular, active voice

Root: vac (class 2)

एतत् (etat) - what Yudhishthira had just said (this)

(pronoun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of etad

etad - this, these

Note: refers to what Yudhishthira just said

श्रुत्वा (śrutvā) - having heard

(indeclinable)

Absolutive (Gerund)

root śru + tvā suffix

Root: śru (class 5)

Note: past participle absolute

व्यवसितः (vyavasitaḥ) - resolved (to play the dice game to the finish) (determined, resolved)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of vyavasita

vyavasita - resolved, determined, settled

Past Passive Participle

from vi-ava-sā (to determine)

Prefixes: vi+ava

Root: sā (class 4)

Note: qualifies Shakuni

निकृतिम् (nikṛtim) - deceit, trickery

(noun)

Accusative, feminine, singular of nikṛti

nikṛti - deceit, fraud, trickery, harm

from ni-kṛ (to injure, defraud)

Prefix: ni

Root: kṛ (class 8)

समुपाश्रितः (samupāśritaḥ) - resorted to (his usual) deceit (resorted to, taken refuge in)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of samupāśrita

samupāśrita - resorted to, taken refuge in, supported by

Past Passive Participle

from sam-upa-śri (to resort to)

Prefixes: sam+upa+ā

Root: śri (class 1)

Note: qualifies Shakuni

जितम् (jitam) - it (the game) is won (it is won, conquered)

(adjective)

Nominative, neuter, singular of jita

jita - conquered, won, gained

Past Passive Participle

from ji (to conquer)

Root: ji (class 1)

इति (iti) - marks quoted speech (thus, so)

(indeclinable)

एव (eva) - indeed, only, just

(indeclinable)

शकुनिः (śakuniḥ) - Shakuni (proper name)

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of śakuni

śakuni - Shakuni (name of the maternal uncle of Duryodhana)

युधिष्ठिरम् (yudhiṣṭhiram) - Yudhishthira (proper name)

(proper noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of yudhiṣṭhira

yudhiṣṭhira - Yudhishthira (name of the eldest Pandava)

अभाषत (abhāṣata) - spoke to, addressed

(verb)

3rd person , singular, middle, Past Imperfect (laṅ) of bhāṣ

Imperfect

third person singular, middle voice

Root: bhāṣ (class 1)