महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-2, chapter-35, verse-1

वैशंपायन उवाच ।
ततो युधिष्ठिरो राजा शिशुपालमुपाद्रवत् ।
उवाच चैनं मधुरं सान्त्वपूर्वमिदं वचः ॥१॥

1. vaiśaṁpāyana uvāca ,
tato yudhiṣṭhiro rājā śiśupālamupādravat ,
uvāca cainaṁ madhuraṁ sāntvapūrvamidaṁ vacaḥ.

1. vaiśampāyanaḥ uvāca tataḥ yudhiṣṭhiraḥ rājā śiśupālam
upādravat uvāca ca enam madhuram sāntvapūrvam idam vacaḥ

1. Vaiśampāyana said: Then King Yudhiṣṭhira approached Śiśupāla and spoke these gentle, conciliatory words to him.

Words meanings summery:

• वैशम्पायनः (vaiśampāyanaḥ) - Vaiśampāyana

• उवाच (uvāca) - said, spoke

• ततः (tataḥ) - then, thereupon, from that

• युधिष्ठिरः (yudhiṣṭhiraḥ) - Yudhiṣṭhira

• राजा (rājā) - king

• शिशुपालम् (śiśupālam) - to Śiśupāla

• उपाद्रवत् (upādravat) - approached, went near

• उवाच (uvāca) - said, spoke

• च (ca) - and, also

• एनम् (enam) - to Śiśupāla (him, this (masculine))

• मधुरम् (madhuram) - sweet, pleasant, gentle

• सान्त्वपूर्वम् (sāntvapūrvam) - preceded by conciliation, conciliatory

• इदम् (idam) - this

• वचः (vacaḥ) - word, speech

Words meanings and morphology

वैशम्पायनः (vaiśampāyanaḥ) - Vaiśampāyana

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of vaiśampāyana

vaiśampāyana - Name of a sage, a disciple of Vyāsa and narrator of the Mahābhārata

उवाच (uvāca) - said, spoke

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, perfect (lit) of uvāca

Perfect Active

From √vac, perfect third singular

Root: vac (class 2)

ततः (tataḥ) - then, thereupon, from that

(indeclinable)

युधिष्ठिरः (yudhiṣṭhiraḥ) - Yudhiṣṭhira

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of yudhiṣṭhira

yudhiṣṭhira - Firm in battle, name of the eldest Pāṇḍava

राजा (rājā) - king

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of rājan

rājan - king, ruler, prince

शिशुपालम् (śiśupālam) - to Śiśupāla

(proper noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of śiśupāla

śiśupāla - Name of a king of Cedi, opponent of Kṛṣṇa

उपाद्रवत् (upādravat) - approached, went near

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, imperfect (laṅ) of upādravat

Imperfect Active

From √dru with prefix upa, imperfect third singular

Prefix: upa

Root: dru (class 1)

उवाच (uvāca) - said, spoke

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, perfect (lit) of uvāca

Perfect Active

From √vac, perfect third singular

Root: vac (class 2)

च (ca) - and, also

(indeclinable)

एनम् (enam) - to Śiśupāla (him, this (masculine))

(pronoun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of ena

ena - this, that

मधुरम् (madhuram) - sweet, pleasant, gentle

(adjective)

Accusative, neuter, singular of madhura

madhura - sweet, charming, pleasant, agreeable, gentle

सान्त्वपूर्वम् (sāntvapūrvam) - preceded by conciliation, conciliatory

(adjective)

Accusative, neuter, singular of sāntvapūrva

sāntvapūrva - preceded by conciliation, conciliatory

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (sāntva+pūrva)

• sāntva – conciliation, soothing, propitiation
  noun (neuter)
• pūrva – before, prior, preceded by
  adjective (masculine)

इदम् (idam) - this

(pronoun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of idam

idam - this (pronoun)

वचः (vacaḥ) - word, speech

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of vacas

vacas - word, speech, saying

Root: vac