महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-2, chapter-35, verse-12

ज्ञानवृद्धा मया राजन्बहवः पर्युपासिताः ।
तेषां कथयतां शौरेरहं गुणवतो गुणान् ।
समागतानामश्रौषं बहून्बहुमतान्सताम् ॥१२॥

12. jñānavṛddhā mayā rājanbahavaḥ paryupāsitāḥ ,
teṣāṁ kathayatāṁ śaurerahaṁ guṇavato guṇān ,
samāgatānāmaśrauṣaṁ bahūnbahumatānsatām.

12. jñānavṛddhāḥ mayā rājan bahavaḥ
paryupāsitāḥ teṣām kathayatām śaureḥ
aham guṇavataḥ guṇān samāgatānām
aśrauṣam bahūn bahumatān satām

12. O King, I have served and honored many elders who are rich in knowledge (jñānavṛddha). While they were assembled and narrating the many highly esteemed qualities of the virtuous Śauri (śaure), I heard these from many righteous people (sat).

Words meanings summery:

• ज्ञानवृद्धाः (jñānavṛddhāḥ) - wise elders, those grown in knowledge

• मया (mayā) - by me

• राजन् (rājan) - O king

• बहवः (bahavaḥ) - many, numerous

• पर्युपासिताः (paryupāsitāḥ) - served, revered, attended upon, honored

• तेषाम् (teṣām) - referring to the 'jñānavṛddhāḥ' (of them, their)

• कथयताम् (kathayatām) - of those speaking, narrating

• शौरेः (śaureḥ) - of Kṛṣṇa (of Śauri, of Krishna)

• अहम् (aham) - The speaker (Bhīṣma) (I)

• गुणवतः (guṇavataḥ) - referring to Śauri (Kṛṣṇa) (of the virtuous one, of the one possessing qualities)

• गुणान् (guṇān) - qualities, virtues

• समागतानाम् (samāgatānām) - referring to the 'jñānavṛddhāḥ' (of those who were assembled, gathered)

• अश्रौषम् (aśrauṣam) - I heard, I listened

• बहून् (bahūn) - many

• बहुमतान् (bahumatān) - highly esteemed, much respected, highly regarded

• सताम् (satām) - of the good, of the virtuous, of the righteous

Words meanings and morphology

ज्ञानवृद्धाः (jñānavṛddhāḥ) - wise elders, those grown in knowledge

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of jñānavṛddha

jñānavṛddha - grown in knowledge, wise through knowledge, old in wisdom

Compound noun/adjective.

Compound type : tatpurusha (jñāna+vṛddha)

• jñāna – knowledge, wisdom, spiritual knowledge
  noun (neuter)
  From root 'jñā' (to know).
  Root: jñā (class 9)
• vṛddha – old, aged, grown, augmented, wise, respectable
  adjective (masculine)
  Past Passive Participle
  From root 'vṛdh' (to grow) + 'kta'.
  Root: vṛdh (class 1)

Note: Agrees with 'bahavaḥ'.

मया (mayā) - by me

(pronoun)

Instrumental, singular of asmad

asmad - I, we (first person pronoun)

Note: Agent of the passive participle 'paryupāsitāḥ'.

राजन् (rājan) - O king

(noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of rājan

rājan - king, ruler

Root: rāj (class 1)

Note: Direct address.

बहवः (bahavaḥ) - many, numerous

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of bahu

bahu - much, many, numerous, abundant

Note: Agrees with 'jñānavṛddhāḥ' and 'paryupāsitāḥ'.

पर्युपासिताः (paryupāsitāḥ) - served, revered, attended upon, honored

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of paryupāsita

paryupāsita - served, revered, worshipped, attended upon, honored

Past Passive Participle

From prefixes 'pari' (around) + 'upa' (near) + root 'ās' (to sit) + 'kta' (ppp suffix). 'ās' becomes 'āsita'.

Prefixes: pari+upa

Root: ās (class 2)

Note: Part of a passive construction with 'mayā'.

तेषाम् (teṣām) - referring to the 'jñānavṛddhāḥ' (of them, their)

(pronoun)

Genitive, masculine, plural of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

Note: Governs 'kathayatām' and 'samāgatānām'.

कथयताम् (kathayatām) - of those speaking, narrating

(adjective)

Genitive, masculine, plural of kathayat

kathayat - speaking, narrating, telling

Present Active Participle (causative stem)

From root 'kath' (to tell) which is a denominative/causative. Present participle ending in 'at'.

Root: kath (class 10)

Note: Used substantively, "of those who were speaking".

शौरेः (śaureḥ) - of Kṛṣṇa (of Śauri, of Krishna)

(proper noun)

Genitive, masculine, singular of śauri

śauri - descendant of Śūra; a name of Kṛṣṇa

From 'śūra' (name of Krishna's grandfather) + 'i' suffix indicating progeny.

Note: Qualifies 'guṇavataḥ' and 'guṇān'.

अहम् (aham) - The speaker (Bhīṣma) (I)

(pronoun)

Nominative, singular of asmad

asmad - I, we (first person pronoun)

Note: Subject of 'aśrauṣam'.

गुणवतः (guṇavataḥ) - referring to Śauri (Kṛṣṇa) (of the virtuous one, of the one possessing qualities)

(adjective)

Genitive, masculine, singular of guṇavat

guṇavat - possessing good qualities, virtuous, meritorious

Formed from 'guṇa' (quality) + 'matup' (possessive suffix).

Note: Used substantively to refer to Kṛṣṇa.

गुणान् (guṇān) - qualities, virtues

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, plural of guṇa

guṇa - quality, attribute, virtue, merit, strand, threefold constituent of prakṛti

Note: Object of 'aśrauṣam'.

समागतानाम् (samāgatānām) - referring to the 'jñānavṛddhāḥ' (of those who were assembled, gathered)

(adjective)

Genitive, masculine, plural of samāgata

samāgata - assembled, met, gathered, arrived

Past Passive Participle

From prefix 'sam' (together) + 'ā' (towards) + root 'gam' (to go) + 'kta' (ppp suffix).

Prefixes: sam+ā

Root: gam (class 1)

Note: Used substantively, "of those who had assembled".

अश्रौषम् (aśrauṣam) - I heard, I listened

(verb)

1st person , singular, active, past perfect (aorist) (luṅ) of śru

Aorist

First person singular aorist form. With augment 'a' and suffix 's'.

Root: śru (class 5)

बहून् (bahūn) - many

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, plural of bahu

bahu - much, many, numerous, abundant

Note: Agrees with 'guṇān'.

बहुमतान् (bahumatān) - highly esteemed, much respected, highly regarded

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, plural of bahumata

bahumata - highly esteemed, much respected, highly regarded

Past Passive Participle

Compound. 'bahu' (much) + 'mata' (thought, esteemed).

Compound type : bahuvrihi (bahu+mata)

• bahu – much, many, numerous
  adjective (masculine)
• mata – thought, considered, esteemed, approved
  adjective (masculine)
  Past Passive Participle
  From root 'man' (to think) + 'kta' (ppp suffix).
  Root: man (class 4)

Note: Agrees with 'guṇān'.

सताम् (satām) - of the good, of the virtuous, of the righteous

(adjective)

Genitive, masculine, plural of sat

sat - existent, real, true, good, virtuous

Present Active Participle

From root 'as' (to be) + 'śatṛ'.

Root: as (class 2)

Note: Modifies 'teṣām' and 'samāgatānām' (i.e. of those assembled, who were righteous).