महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-2, chapter-17, verse-25

तस्यास्तां हंसडिभकावशस्त्रनिधनावुभौ ।
मन्त्रे मतिमतां श्रेष्ठौ युद्धशास्त्रविशारदौ ॥२५॥

25. tasyāstāṁ haṁsaḍibhakāvaśastranidhanāvubhau ,
mantre matimatāṁ śreṣṭhau yuddhaśāstraviśāradau.

25. tasya āstām haṃsaḍibhakau aśastranidhanau ubhau
mantre matimatām śreṣṭhau yuddhaśāstraviśāradau

25. He (Jarāsandha) had two (ministers/generals), Haṃsa and Ḍibhaka, who were destined not to die by weapons. Both were foremost among the wise in counsel (mantra) and highly skilled in the science of warfare.

Words meanings summery:

• तस्य (tasya) - Referring to Jarāsandha, indicating possession of allies/generals. (of him, to him, his)

• आस्ताम् (āstām) - they two were

• हंसडिभकौ (haṁsaḍibhakau) - Haṃsa and Ḍibhaka (names)

• अशस्त्रनिधनौ (aśastranidhanau) - having no death by weapons, destined not to die by weapons

• उभौ (ubhau) - both

• मन्त्रे (mantre) - in counsel, in planning, in advice

• मतिमताम् (matimatām) - of the intelligent, among the wise

• श्रेष्ठौ (śreṣṭhau) - most excellent, foremost

• युद्धशास्त्रविशारदौ (yuddhaśāstraviśāradau) - skilled in the science of warfare

Words meanings and morphology

तस्य (tasya) - Referring to Jarāsandha, indicating possession of allies/generals. (of him, to him, his)

(pronoun)

Genitive, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

आस्ताम् (āstām) - they two were

(verb)

3rd person , dual, active, past imperfect (laṅ) of as

Root: as (class 2)

Note: The verb for the dual subjects Haṃsa and Ḍibhaka.

हंसडिभकौ (haṁsaḍibhakau) - Haṃsa and Ḍibhaka (names)

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, dual of haṃsaḍibhaka

haṁsaḍibhaka - Haṃsa and Ḍibhaka (proper names of two individuals)

Dvandva compound of two proper nouns.

Compound type : dvandva (haṃsa+ḍibhaka)

• haṃsa – Haṃsa (proper noun), swan, goose
  proper noun (masculine)
• ḍibhaka – Ḍibhaka (proper noun)
  proper noun (masculine)

Note: Subject of āstām.

अशस्त्रनिधनौ (aśastranidhanau) - having no death by weapons, destined not to die by weapons

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, dual of aśastranidhana

aśastranidhana - having no death by weapons, immune to weapon-death

Bahuvrīhi compound: a (not) + śastra (weapon) + nidhana (death).

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (a+śastra+nidhana)

• a – not, non-
  indeclinable
• śastra – weapon, missile
  noun (neuter)
  From root śās (to hurt).
  Root: śās (class 2)
• nidhana – death, destruction, end
  noun (neuter)
  From ni-dhā (to place, put down).
  Prefix: ni
  Root: dhā (class 3)

Note: Agrees with Haṃsa and Ḍibhaka.

उभौ (ubhau) - both

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, dual of ubha

ubha - both

Pronominal adjective, declined only in dual.

Note: Agrees with Haṃsa and Ḍibhaka.

मन्त्रे (mantre) - in counsel, in planning, in advice

(noun)

Locative, masculine, singular of mantra

mantra - sacred utterance (mantra), counsel, plan, advice

From root man (to think).

Root: man (class 4)

Note: Locative of sphere, indicating 'in matters of counsel'.

मतिमताम् (matimatām) - of the intelligent, among the wise

(adjective)

Genitive, masculine, plural of matimat

matimat - intelligent, wise, discerning

Derived from mati (intellect) with the matup suffix.

Note: Partitive genitive, indicating 'foremost among them'.

श्रेष्ठौ (śreṣṭhau) - most excellent, foremost

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, dual of śreṣṭha

śreṣṭha - best, most excellent, foremost, supreme

Superlative degree of praśasya (excellent).

Root: praśas

Note: Agrees with Haṃsa and Ḍibhaka.

युद्धशास्त्रविशारदौ (yuddhaśāstraviśāradau) - skilled in the science of warfare

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, dual of yuddhaśāstraviśārada

yuddhaśāstraviśārada - adept in the science of war, skilled in military strategy

Compound of yuddha (war) + śāstra (science) + viśārada (skilled).

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (yuddha+śāstra+viśārada)

• yuddha – battle, war
  noun (neuter)
  Past Passive Participle (used as noun)
  From root yudh (to fight).
  Root: yudh (class 4)
• śāstra – science, treatise, instruction
  noun (neuter)
  From root śās (to teach, instruct).
  Root: śās (class 2)
• viśārada – skilled, expert, proficient
  adjective (masculine)
  From vi-śarad (to be ripe, clear).
  Prefix: vi
  Root: śarad

Note: Agrees with Haṃsa and Ḍibhaka.