महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-2, chapter-17, verse-23

तपोवनस्थे पितरि मातृभ्यां सह भारत ।
जरासंधः स्ववीर्येण पार्थिवानकरोद्वशे ॥२३॥

23. tapovanasthe pitari mātṛbhyāṁ saha bhārata ,
jarāsaṁdhaḥ svavīryeṇa pārthivānakarodvaśe.

23. tapovanasthe pitari mātṛbhyām saha bhārata
jarāsaṃdhaḥ svavīryeṇa pārthivān akarot vaśe

23. O Bhārata, while his father was residing in the hermitage with his two mothers, Jarāsandha brought kings under his control by his own might.

Words meanings summery:

• तपोवनस्थे (tapovanasthe) - residing in the hermitage, being in the penance grove

• पितरि (pitari) - in the father, regarding the father

• मातृभ्याम् (mātṛbhyām) - by the two mothers, with the two mothers

• सह (saha) - with, together with

• भारत (bhārata) - O Bhārata (descendant of Bharata)

• जरासंधः (jarāsaṁdhaḥ) - Jarāsandha

• स्ववीर्येण (svavīryeṇa) - by his own valor, by his own might

• पार्थिवान् (pārthivān) - kings, earthly rulers

• अकरोत् (akarot) - he made, he did

• वशे (vaśe) - in his power, under his control

Words meanings and morphology

तपोवनस्थे (tapovanasthe) - residing in the hermitage, being in the penance grove

(adjective)

Locative, masculine, singular of tapovanastha

tapovanastha - dwelling in a hermitage, located in a penance grove

From tapas (asceticism), vana (forest), and stha (standing, situated).

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (tapas+vana+stha)

• tapas – asceticism, penance (tapas)
  noun (neuter)
• vana – forest, grove
  noun (neuter)
• stha – standing, situated
  adjective (masculine)
  From root sthā (to stand).
  Root: sthā (class 1)

Note: Used in a locative absolute construction, modifying pitari.

पितरि (pitari) - in the father, regarding the father

(noun)

Locative, masculine, singular of pitṛ

pitṛ - father

Note: Used in a locative absolute construction.

मातृभ्याम् (mātṛbhyām) - by the two mothers, with the two mothers

(noun)

Instrumental, feminine, dual of mātṛ

mātṛ - mother

Note: Used with saha.

सह (saha) - with, together with

(indeclinable)

Note: Governs the instrumental case.

भारत (bhārata) - O Bhārata (descendant of Bharata)

(proper noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of bhārata

bhārata - a descendant of Bharata, an Indian, a scion of the Bharata race

जरासंधः (jarāsaṁdhaḥ) - Jarāsandha

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of jarāsaṃdha

jarāsaṁdha - Jarāsandha (proper noun)

स्ववीर्येण (svavīryeṇa) - by his own valor, by his own might

(noun)

Instrumental, neuter, singular of svavīrya

svavīrya - own strength, own valor, own prowess

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (sva+vīrya)

• sva – own
  pronoun
• vīrya – strength, valor, prowess
  noun (neuter)

पार्थिवान् (pārthivān) - kings, earthly rulers

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, plural of pārthiva

pārthiva - earthly, a king, ruler (derived from pṛthivī - earth)

अकरोत् (akarot) - he made, he did

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, past imperfect (laṅ) of kṛ

Root: kṛ (class 8)

वशे (vaśe) - in his power, under his control

(noun)

Locative, masculine, singular of vaśa

vaśa - will, power, control, subjection

Root: vaś

Note: `vaśe kṛ` means 'to bring under control'.