महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-2, chapter-17, verse-16

एष श्रियं समुदितां सर्वराज्ञां ग्रहीष्यति ।
वर्षास्विवोद्धतजला नदीर्नदनदीपतिः ॥१६॥

16. eṣa śriyaṁ samuditāṁ sarvarājñāṁ grahīṣyati ,
varṣāsvivoddhatajalā nadīrnadanadīpatiḥ.

16. eṣa śriyam samuditām sarvarājñām grahīṣyati
varṣāsu iva uddhatajalāḥ nadīḥ nadanadīpatiḥ

16. This one will seize the abundant prosperity of all kings, just as the lord of rivers (the ocean) receives the rivers swollen with water during the rainy season.

Words meanings summery:

• एष (eṣa) - this (king/person) (this one, he)

• श्रियम् (śriyam) - prosperity, glory (prosperity, glory, beauty, wealth)

• समुदिताम् (samuditām) - abundant (arisen, abundant, flourishing, prosperous)

• सर्वराज्ञाम् (sarvarājñām) - of all kings

• ग्रहीष्यति (grahīṣyati) - will seize (will seize, will take, will receive)

• वर्षासु (varṣāsu) - during the rainy season (in the rainy seasons, during the rains)

• इव (iva) - just as (like, as, as if)

• उद्धतजलाः (uddhatajalāḥ) - swollen with water (having agitated water, swollen with water)

• नदीः (nadīḥ) - rivers

• नदनदीपतिः (nadanadīpatiḥ) - the ocean (lord of streams and rivers, ocean)

Words meanings and morphology

एष (eṣa) - this (king/person) (this one, he)

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of etad

etad - this

श्रियम् (śriyam) - prosperity, glory (prosperity, glory, beauty, wealth)

(noun)

Accusative, feminine, singular of śrī

śrī - prosperity, wealth, glory, beauty

Note: Object of 'grahīṣyati'.

समुदिताम् (samuditām) - abundant (arisen, abundant, flourishing, prosperous)

(adjective)

Accusative, feminine, singular of samudita

samudita - risen, increased, prosperous, abundant

Past Passive Participle

from sam-ud-i (to rise, come forth, prosper)

Prefixes: sam+ud

Root: i (class 2)

Note: Qualifies 'śriyam'.

सर्वराज्ञाम् (sarvarājñām) - of all kings

(noun)

Genitive, masculine, plural of sarvarājan

sarvarājan - all kings

Tatpuruṣa compound "sarva" (all) + "rājan" (king).

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (sarva+rājan)

• sarva – all, every
  pronoun (masculine)
• rājan – king, ruler
  noun (masculine)

ग्रहीष्यति (grahīṣyati) - will seize (will seize, will take, will receive)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, future (lṛṭ) of grah

Root: grah (class 9)

वर्षासु (varṣāsu) - during the rainy season (in the rainy seasons, during the rains)

(noun)

Locative, feminine, plural of varṣā

varṣā - rain, rainy season

इव (iva) - just as (like, as, as if)

(indeclinable)

उद्धतजलाः (uddhatajalāḥ) - swollen with water (having agitated water, swollen with water)

(adjective)

Nominative, feminine, plural of uddhatajala

uddhatajala - having agitated water, swollen with water

Bahuvrihi compound. "ud" (up, forth) + "hata" (stirred, agitated, or ud-han=thrown up) + "jala" (water).

Compound type : bahuvrihi (uddhata+jala)

• uddhata – agitated, stirred up, high
  adjective (neuter)
  Past Passive Participle
  from ud-han (to lift up, to strike)
  Prefix: ud
  Root: han (class 2)
• jala – water
  noun (neuter)

Note: Grammatically a nominative plural, but semantically qualifies 'nadīḥ' (accusative plural) due to poetic license or elliptical construction.

नदीः (nadīḥ) - rivers

(noun)

Accusative, feminine, plural of nadī

nadī - river

Note: Object of the implied verb of the simile (the ocean taking the rivers).

नदनदीपतिः (nadanadīpatiḥ) - the ocean (lord of streams and rivers, ocean)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of nadanadīpati

nadanadīpati - lord of streams and rivers (i.e., the ocean)

Tatpuruṣa compound: 'nada' (male river/stream) + 'nadī' (female river) + 'pati' (lord). The 'nada-nadī' part is a Dvandva compound.

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (nada+nadī+pati)

• nada – river (male), stream
  noun (masculine)
• nadī – river (female)
  noun (feminine)
• pati – lord, master, husband
  noun (masculine)

Note: Subject of the implied verb in the comparison.