महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-15, chapter-6, verse-4

किं मे राज्येन भोगैर्वा किं यज्ञैः किं सुखेन वा ।
यस्य मे त्वं महीपाल दुःखान्येतान्यवाप्तवान् ॥४॥

4. kiṁ me rājyena bhogairvā kiṁ yajñaiḥ kiṁ sukhena vā ,
yasya me tvaṁ mahīpāla duḥkhānyetānyavāptavān.

4. kim me rājyena bhogaiḥ vā kim yajñaiḥ kim sukhena
vā yasya me tvam mahīpāla duḥkhāni etāni avāptavān

4. What is this kingdom to me, or enjoyments? What are (Vedic rituals (yajña))? What is happiness (sukha) to me, O protector of the earth, for whom you have attained these sorrows?

Words meanings summery:

• किम् (kim) - What good is... (what? why?)

• मे (me) - to me, for me, my

• राज्येन (rājyena) - by the kingdom, with the kingdom

• भोगैः (bhogaiḥ) - by enjoyments, with pleasures

• वा (vā) - or, either...or

• किम् (kim) - What good is... (what? why?)

• यज्ञैः (yajñaiḥ) - by (Vedic rituals (yajña))

• किम् (kim) - What good is... (what? why?)

• सुखेन (sukhena) - by happiness, with joy

• वा (vā) - or, either...or

• यस्य (yasya) - for whom (referring to me, Yudhishthira) (whose, for whom)

• मे (me) - to me, for me, my

• त्वम् (tvam) - You, Dhritarashtra (you)

• महीपाल (mahīpāla) - O Dhritarashtra (O protector of the earth, O king)

• दुःखानि (duḥkhāni) - sorrows, sufferings

• एतानि (etāni) - these (particular) sorrows (these)

• अवाप्तवान् (avāptavān) - has obtained, has reached, has attained

Words meanings and morphology

किम् (kim) - What good is... (what? why?)

(pronoun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of kim

kim - what?, why?, what good?

मे (me) - to me, for me, my

(pronoun)

singular of aham

aham - I, ego (ahaṅkāra)

Note: Enclitic form of the first person pronoun.

राज्येन (rājyena) - by the kingdom, with the kingdom

(noun)

Instrumental, neuter, singular of rājya

rājya - kingdom, sovereignty, rule

From rājan (king) + -ya suffix.

Note: Used with 'kim' to question its utility.

भोगैः (bhogaiḥ) - by enjoyments, with pleasures

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, plural of bhoga

bhoga - enjoyment, pleasure, possession, experience

From root bhuj (to enjoy).

Root: bhuj (class 7)

Note: Used with 'kim' to question their utility.

वा (vā) - or, either...or

(indeclinable)

किम् (kim) - What good is... (what? why?)

(pronoun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of kim

kim - what?, why?, what good?

यज्ञैः (yajñaiḥ) - by (Vedic rituals (yajña))

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, plural of yajña

yajña - Vedic ritual, sacrifice, worship

From root yaj (to worship, sacrifice).

Root: yaj (class 1)

Note: Used with 'kim' to question their utility.

किम् (kim) - What good is... (what? why?)

(pronoun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of kim

kim - what?, why?, what good?

सुखेन (sukhena) - by happiness, with joy

(noun)

Instrumental, neuter, singular of sukha

sukha - happiness, joy, comfort, pleasure

Note: Used with 'kim' to question its utility.

वा (vā) - or, either...or

(indeclinable)

यस्य (yasya) - for whom (referring to me, Yudhishthira) (whose, for whom)

(pronoun)

Genitive, masculine, singular of yad

yad - which, who, what

Note: Refers to the speaker 'me'.

मे (me) - to me, for me, my

(pronoun)

singular of aham

aham - I, ego (ahaṅkāra)

Note: Enclitic form of the first person pronoun.

त्वम् (tvam) - You, Dhritarashtra (you)

(pronoun)

Nominative, singular of yuṣmad

yuṣmad - you

महीपाल (mahīpāla) - O Dhritarashtra (O protector of the earth, O king)

(noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of mahīpāla

mahīpāla - protector of the earth, king

Compound: mahī (earth) + pāla (protector).

Compound type : tatpurusha (mahī+pāla)

• mahī – earth, ground
  noun (feminine)
• pāla – protector, guardian
  noun (masculine)
  From root pā (to protect).
  Root: pā (class 1)

Note: Addressing Dhritarashtra.

दुःखानि (duḥkhāni) - sorrows, sufferings

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, plural of duḥkha

duḥkha - sorrow, pain, suffering, unhappiness

Note: Object of 'avāptavān'.

एतानि (etāni) - these (particular) sorrows (these)

(pronoun)

Accusative, neuter, plural of etad

etad - this, these

Note: Qualifies 'duḥkhāni'.

अवाप्तवान् (avāptavān) - has obtained, has reached, has attained

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of avāpta

avāpta - obtained, attained, reached

Past Active Participle

From ava + āp (to obtain) + ktavat (active participle suffix).

Prefix: ava

Root: āp (class 5)

Note: Used as a finite verb. Qualifies 'tvam'.