महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-15, chapter-6, verse-17

चिरमस्म्युषितः पुत्र चिरं शुश्रूषितस्त्वया ।
वृद्धं मामभ्यनुज्ञातुं त्वमर्हसि जनाधिप ॥१७॥

17. ciramasmyuṣitaḥ putra ciraṁ śuśrūṣitastvayā ,
vṛddhaṁ māmabhyanujñātuṁ tvamarhasi janādhipa.

17. ciram asmi uṣitaḥ putra ciram śuśrūṣitaḥ tvayā
vṛddham mām abhyanujñātum tvam arhasi janādhipa

17. putra janādhipa,
aham ciram uṣitaḥ asmi,
ca tvayā ciram śuśrūṣitaḥ (asmi).
tvam vṛddham mām abhyanujñātum arhasi.

17. O son, I have resided here for a long time, and you have served me for a long time. O lord of men, you should now grant permission to me, who is old.

Words meanings summery:

• चिरम् (ciram) - for a long time, long

• अस्मि (asmi) - I am, I exist

• उषितः (uṣitaḥ) - resided, dwelled, stayed

• पुत्र (putra) - son

• चिरम् (ciram) - for a long time, long

• शुश्रूषितः (śuśrūṣitaḥ) - served, attended

• त्वया (tvayā) - by you

• वृद्धम् (vṛddham) - old, aged, grown

• माम् (mām) - me

• अभ्यनुज्ञातुम् (abhyanujñātum) - to permit, to allow, to grant leave

• त्वम् (tvam) - you

• अर्हसि (arhasi) - you ought, you should, you deserve

• जनाधिप (janādhipa) - O lord of men, O king

Words meanings and morphology

चिरम् (ciram) - for a long time, long

(indeclinable)

अस्मि (asmi) - I am, I exist

(verb)

1st person , singular, active, present (laṭ) of as

Present Active Indicative

First person singular, parasmaipada

Root: as (class 2)

उषितः (uṣitaḥ) - resided, dwelled, stayed

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of uṣita

vas - to dwell, reside, stay

Past Passive Participle

From root vas (to dwell)

Root: vas (class 1)

Note: Agrees with implied 'aham' (I)

पुत्र (putra) - son

(noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of putra

putra - son

चिरम् (ciram) - for a long time, long

(indeclinable)

शुश्रूषितः (śuśrūṣitaḥ) - served, attended

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of śuśrūṣita

śuśrūṣita - served, attended to, listened to

Past Passive Participle

From desiderative root of śru (to hear), meaning to wish to hear, to serve

Root: śru (class 5)

Note: Agrees with implied 'aham' (I)

त्वया (tvayā) - by you

(pronoun)

Instrumental, singular of yuṣmad

yuṣmad - you

वृद्धम् (vṛddham) - old, aged, grown

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, singular of vṛddha

vṛddha - old, aged, grown, increased

Past Passive Participle

From root vṛdh (to grow, increase)

Root: vṛdh (class 1)

Note: Agrees with 'mām'

माम् (mām) - me

(pronoun)

Accusative, singular of asmad

asmad - I, me

अभ्यनुज्ञातुम् (abhyanujñātum) - to permit, to allow, to grant leave

(indeclinable)

Infinitive

From root jñā (to know) with upasargas abhi, anu

Prefixes: abhi+anu

Root: jñā (class 9)

त्वम् (tvam) - you

(pronoun)

Nominative, singular of yuṣmad

yuṣmad - you

अर्हसि (arhasi) - you ought, you should, you deserve

(verb)

2nd person , singular, active, present (laṭ) of arh

Present Active Indicative

Second person singular, parasmaipada

Root: arh (class 1)

जनाधिप (janādhipa) - O lord of men, O king

(noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of janādhipa

janādhipa - lord of men, king, ruler

Compound of jana (men, people) and adhipa (lord, ruler)

Compound type : tatpurusha (jana+adhipa)

• jana – man, people, person
  noun (masculine)
• adhipa – lord, ruler, chief
  noun (masculine)